This report has three sections: unconventional oil and gas (oil sands, unconventional gases, oil shale, and methane hydrate), other alternative fuels, and renewable energy. This paper will covered their reserves, production, consumption, future supply, and forecast of applications. Technical appraisal and cost effectiveness will also be included. There are two main applications of energy resources, power generation and fuel usage. Two subjects should be evaluated for their substitution for conventional oil and natural gas cost and amount of reserve and supply. Many of alternative fuels and renewable energy are cost effective due to recent price hike of crude. Their supplies are limited. They will replace or replenish small portion of conventional energy supply. Most of them are for power generation. Their cost and supply will be analyzed. At present time, the distribution of global primary energy consumption (%): petroleum 35, natural gas 21, coal 22, nuclear energy 7, hydraulic 3, the rest (12%) are biomass and others. To 2030, the world energy requirement will be 10-fold of present oil supply of Saudi-Arabia. The daily consumption will be 335 million barrels of oil equivalent, up from present 220 million barrels of oil equivalent. The amount of unconventional oil and gas is huge, more than those of total proven reserve of conventional oil and gas. The amount might be used for 100 to 1,000 years for the whole world. They may be the candidates for future substitution of petroleum and natural gas.