The purpose of this study was to examine how career maturity and career decision self-efficacy affect later labor market outcomes. In addition, the study aimed to asses whether gender is a significant factor to influence the associations between career development in late adolescence and labor market outcomes in the late 20s. The study analyzed data from Youth Panel Survey (YP) collected by the Korea Employment Information Service. The study utilized information from 778 respondents that were collected in 2008, 2010, and 2020. The study found that the level of career development continued to improve during high school and college, and the level of career development in college was a significant factor affecting labor market outcomes in the late 20s. In addition, there were gender differences in the associations between career development and labor market outcomes. The results suggested that intervention in career development during emerging adulthood might improve individuals’ labor market outcomes. In addition, the career path for women seems to be more about work and family balance than that for men.