A novel approach was investigated using chemical reactions based on a Solvay process, where ammoniated sodium-rich solution is reacted with carbon dioxide (CO₂), to capture and convert CO₂ into useful and reusable products. The effects of ammonia (NH₃), sodium (Na) and CO₂ concentrations on the CO₂ capture in the Solvay process were assessed using a bubble column reactor. CO₂ gas was used a mixture of 20-80 vol% CO₂ in pure air. The experimental results indicated that the optimum concentration of NH₃ as catalyst was 3-5 wt% (1.76-2.94 M), the minimum concentration of Na was >26 g/L, and the CO₂ capture increased as increased the Na concentration in the ammoniated absorption solution. The formation of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) was found to play a key role in capturing CO₂ in the Solvay process. The concentration of CO₂ in feed gas was not significant factor in CO₂ capture using the Solvay process. The results indicated that this approach can be used to capture CO₂ from flue gases or to refine natural and synthetic gases, while at the same time contributing to the utilization of CO₂ as a useful product, such as a sorbent for desulfurization.