박물관 3.0 시대(Museum 3.0)’의 도래에 따른 주요 변화를 전망하기 위해, 본 연구는 4차산업혁명의 핵심 기술이 박물관 서비스 혁신에 미치는 영향력을 조명하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 구글 아트 프로젝트, 가상현실기반의 VR 애플리케이션, 버츄얼 휴먼 가이드, VR 인터랙티브 미디어, 빅데이터 기반의 관람객 분석 및 소장품간의 관계성 분석, 머신러닝 기반의 관람객 예측, 인공지능과 머신러닝 기반의 예술작품 분석 및 재생산, 로봇 투어 가이드 등 주요 사례를 문헌 연구를 통해 고찰했다. 한 가지 주지해야 할 사항은 본 연구에서 다룬 테크놀로지 기반의 혁신 서비스 사례는 대부분 외부 연구 기관의 주도 하에 박물관에 적용되었으며, 상용화로 확장되지 못했다는 것이다. 박물관이 테크놀로지 기반의 혁신 서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 테크놀로지에 대한 통찰력과 운영 역량을 갖춘 전문인력 등의 내부 자원을 필수적으로 확보해야 하며, 동시에 박물관의 사명과 관람 경험의 의미에 대한 재성찰이 요구된다.
This study aims to shed light on the impact of technologies such as virtual reality, big data, artificial intelligence, machine learning and robot technology, which are the core technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, on the innovative museum services, and to prospect the forthcoming changes due to the advent of Museum 3.0. To achieve these aims, I review the case studies of Google Art Project, VR applications, the Virtual Human Guide, VR interactive media, big data analyses on visitor and collection, machine learning-based visitor number predicting, artificial intelligence and machine learning-based artwork analysis and reproduction, and robot tour guide through literature research. It is noteworthy that most technology-based innovation services covered in this study are more dependent on external agencies than museum capabilities, and the majority of cases remain in pilot or one-time based operation. Along with the arrival of the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, museums need to reinterpret the meaning of the museum 's mission and viewing experience from a variety of perspective before considering the acceptance of technology and its application. In this context, the Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies will present a dynamic paradigm and possibility to museums to create value in viewing experience through technology as well as the philosophical thought of the cultural heritage achieved by mankind.
This study aims to shed light on the impact of technologies such as virtual reality, big data, artificial intelligence, machine learning and robot technology, which are the core technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, on the innovative museum services, and to prospect the forthcoming changes due to the advent of Museum 3.0. To achieve these aims, I review the case studies of Google Art Project, VR applications, the Virtual Human Guide, VR interactive media, big data analyses on visitor and collection, machine learning-based visitor number predicting, artificial intelligence and machine learning-based artwork analysis and reproduction, and robot tour guide through literature research. It is noteworthy that most technology-based innovation services covered in this study are more dependent on external agencies than museum capabilities, and the majority of cases remain in pilot or one-time based operation. Along with the arrival of the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, museums need to reinterpret the meaning of the museum 's mission and viewing experience from a variety of perspective before considering the acceptance of technology and its application. In this context, the Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies will present a dynamic paradigm and possibility to museums to create value in viewing experience through technology as well as the philosophical thought of the cultural heritage achieved by mankind.
