Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a family of multifunctional antioxidant thioredoxin-dependent peroxidases. We used Drosophila melanogaster to examine the function of Prx3, the Drosophila homolog of human PRDX3. The oxidative stress response in adult Drosophila is age-dependent. RNAiinduced Prx3 knockdown in adult flies did not change their phenotype in normal conditions, but they had a shorter survival than the Prx3⁺ controls in the presence of H₂O₂. The expression levels of the Prx3 were reduced by aging. These results suggest that Prx3 plays an important role in the oxidative stress response and is involved in the age-dependent competence of the oxidative stress response.