Determinan Lama Rawat Inap Pasien Balita dengan Diare

Authors

  • Endang Poerwati Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2013.027.04.12

Abstract

Gastroenteritis akut merupakan salah satu penyakit yang sering menyerang bayi dan anak. Penyebab utama rawat inap pada anak usia di bawah 5 tahun dengan gastroenteritis akut adalah dehidrasi. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik pasien, derajat klinis dan suplementasi diare pada lama rawat inap diare akut pada anak usia di bawah 5 tahun, dilakukan dengan desain observational analitik pada 102 anak-anak berusia antara 1 bulan sampai 5 tahun, yang menderita diare akut dengan atau tanpa dehidrasi yang dirawat di RSUD Pasar Rebo Jakarta pada bulan Oktober 2011 sampai bulan Maret 2012. Hasil menunjukkan kejadian diare lebih banyak pada pada bayi <2 tahun (65,7%), anak laki-laki sebanyak 53 (52%). Pada pemeriksaan awal, sebagian besar berada pada derajat dehidrasi ringan-sedang yaitu  sebanyak  89 orang (87,3%). Lebih dari separuh, pasien dalam studi ini tidak diberikan terapi zink dan/atau probiotik yaitu sebanyak 53 orang (52%). Rerata lama masa rawat  pasien adalah  66,19 jam (SD=16,66 jam) atau 2,8 hari. Usia (p=0,09), jenis kelamin (p=0,165) dan derajat dehidrasi tidak mempunyai hubungan dengan lama perawatan, sedangkan berat badan (p=0,913) dan tinggi badan (p=0,014) mempunyai pengaruh terhadap lama perawatan. Pemberian suplementasi zink saja (mean=56,68) atau zink (mean=56,48) dengan probiotik memberikan masa rawat inap inap yang secara signifikan (p=0,01) lebih pendek dibandingkan tanpa suplemen (mean=75,07). Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan (p=1) lama rawat inap antara suplementasi zink saja atau dengan kombinasi probiotik. Derajat diare tidak mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan lama perawatan. Dapat disimpulan bahwa suplementasi zink menurunkan lama rawat inap.
Kata Kunci:  Gastroenteritis akut, lama perawatan, suplementasi zink

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References

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Issue

Vol. 27 No. 4 (2013)

Section

Research Article

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