Abstract
Oral epithelium is a stratified squamous epithelium that functions as the barrier between the outside environment and the host. In the oral cavity, epithelial tissues are constantly exposed to a variety of bacteria, but most individuals maintain healthy homeostasis. Epithelial cells contribute to the innate host response, and antimicrobial peptide expression in all human epithelia, including oral epithelia, is an important part of this epithelial function. These antimicrobial peptides have a broad spectrum of activity against both Gramnegative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against yeast and viruses. In humans these antimicrobial peptides include defensins and a cathelicidin family member LL-37 in skin and oral mucosa and other epithelia. The human defensins include the α-defensins of intestinal and neutrophil origin, and the β-defensins of skin and oral mucosa and other epithelia. Present studies have identified specific signaling routes that pathogens and commensals take in stimulating these innate immune responses, and this may open the way for development of new therapeutic agents for periodontal diseases.
Keywords: Antimicrobial peptides, defensins, innate immunity, periodontitis, oral health, oral bacteria, NFκB, MAPK
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Expression of Defensins in Gingiva and Their Role in Periodontal Health and Disease
Volume: 13 Issue: 30
Author(s): W. O. Chung, H. Dommisch, L. Yin and B. A. Dale
Affiliation:
Keywords: Antimicrobial peptides, defensins, innate immunity, periodontitis, oral health, oral bacteria, NFκB, MAPK
Abstract: Oral epithelium is a stratified squamous epithelium that functions as the barrier between the outside environment and the host. In the oral cavity, epithelial tissues are constantly exposed to a variety of bacteria, but most individuals maintain healthy homeostasis. Epithelial cells contribute to the innate host response, and antimicrobial peptide expression in all human epithelia, including oral epithelia, is an important part of this epithelial function. These antimicrobial peptides have a broad spectrum of activity against both Gramnegative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against yeast and viruses. In humans these antimicrobial peptides include defensins and a cathelicidin family member LL-37 in skin and oral mucosa and other epithelia. The human defensins include the α-defensins of intestinal and neutrophil origin, and the β-defensins of skin and oral mucosa and other epithelia. Present studies have identified specific signaling routes that pathogens and commensals take in stimulating these innate immune responses, and this may open the way for development of new therapeutic agents for periodontal diseases.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Chung O. W., Dommisch H., Yin L. and Dale A. B., Expression of Defensins in Gingiva and Their Role in Periodontal Health and Disease, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2007; 13 (30) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161207782110435
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161207782110435 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Advances in Patents Related to Intrapocket Technology for the Management of Periodontitis
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation How Do Periodontal Infections Affect the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease?
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Nanostructed Cubosomes as Advanced Drug Delivery System
Current Pharmaceutical Design Suppression of Cancer Invasiveness by Dietary Compounds
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Host-Cell Survival and Death During Chlamydia Infection
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Formulation and Characterisation of Tetracycline-Containing Bioadhesive Polymer Networks Designed for the Treatment of Periodontal Disease
Current Drug Delivery Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: A New "Cells as Drugs" Paradigm. Efficacy and Critical Aspects in Cell Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Development, in vitro and in vivo Evaluation of Novel Injectable Smart Gels of Azithromycin for Chronic Periodontitis
Current Drug Delivery Smoking and Atherosclerosis: Mechanisms of Disease and New Therapeutic Approaches
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Top 102 Most Cited Publications Relevant to Dental Education
Current Dentistry Osteogenic Differentiation of Orofacial Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells- A Review
Current Tissue Engineering (Discontinued) Introduction: P2 Receptors
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157: Novel Therapy in Gastrointestinal Tract
Current Pharmaceutical Design Potential Application of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Treatment of Bacterial Biofilm Infections
Current Pharmaceutical Design Redox Processes in Neurodegenerative Disease Involving Reactive Oxygen Species
Current Neuropharmacology Periodontal Pathogens and Neuropsychiatric Health
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Phytochemicals as Inhibitors of Candida Biofilm
Current Pharmaceutical Design Scaffold Vascularization: A Challenge for Three-Dimensional Tissue Engineering
Current Medicinal Chemistry Development of Proteinase-Activated Receptor 1 Antagonists as Therapeutic Agents for Thrombosis, Restenosis and Inflammatory Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Porphyromonas Gingivalis Antigenic Determinants - Potential Targets for the Vaccine Development against Periodontitis
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets