Summary
A randomised double-blind crossover study was undertaken in 20 healthy adult male volunteers to assess the effects of multiple oral dose administration of zileuton (600mg every 6 hours for 8 days) on the single dose pharmacokinetics of phenytoin 300mg. Serial blood samples were collected up to 72 hours after phenytoin administration and plasma concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetic data were analysed utilising noncompartmental and Michaelis-Menten-based population pharmacokinetic analysis.
Zileuton did not significantly alter the peak plasma concentration, time to peak plasma concentration, and area under the plasma concentration-time curve of phenytoin. Moreover, population analysis revealed no significant effect of zileuton on the Michaelis-Menten parameters of phenytoin. Thus, coadministration of multiple doses of zileuton (2.4 g/day) did not significantly affect the single dose pharmacokinetics of phenytoin.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bell RL, Young PR, Albert D, et al. The discovery and development of zileuton: an orally active 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. Int J Immunopharmacol 1992; 14: 505–10
Batt DG. 5-Lipoxygenase inhibitors and their anti-inflammatory activities. Prog Med Chem 1992; 29: 1–63
Carter GW, Young PR, Albert DH, et al. 5-Lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of zileuton. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1911; 256: 929–37
Noonan TC, Jamieson-Leclercq T, Desai SV. Effect of BI-L-239, A-64077 and MK-886 on leukotriene B4 synthesis by chopped guinea pig lung and on antigen-induced tracheal contraction in vitro. Prostaglandins 1992; 44: 543–54
Riendeau D, Guay J, Foster A, et al. Inhibition of leukotriene B4 biosynthesis by disulfiram and A-64077 during carrageenan-induced pleurisy in the rat. Gen Pharmacol 1991; 22: 371–4
Rubin P, Kesterson J, Swanson L, et al. Safety, pharmacokinetics and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) inhibition of single doses of A-64077 in normal male volunteers. Abstract IVC-1. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1989; 45: 187
Rubin P, Dubé L, Braeckman R, et al. Pharmacokinetics, safety, and ability to diminish leukotriene synthesis by zileuton, an inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase. Agents Actions 1991; 35: 103–16
Sirois P, Borgeat P, Lauziere M, et al. Effect of zileuton (A-64077) on the 5-lipoxygenase activity of human whole blood ex vivo. Agents Actions 1991; 34: 117–20
Young PR, Bell RL, Lanni C, et al. Inhibition of leukotriene biosynthesis in the rat peritoneal cavity. Euro J Pharmacol 1991; 205: 259–66
Collawn C, Rubin P, Perez N, et al. Phase II study of the safety and efficacy of a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor in patients with ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol 1992; 87: 342–6
Hui KP, Taylor IK, Taylor GW, et al. Effect of a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor on leukotriene generation and airway responses after allergen challenge in asthmatic patients. Thorax 1991; 46: 184–9
Israel E, Dermarkarian R, Rosenberg M, et al. The effects of a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor on asthma induced by cold, dry air. New Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1740–4
Israel E, Rubin P, Kemp JP, et al. The effect of inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase by zileuton in mild to moderate asthma. Ann Intern Med 1993; 119: 1059–66
Knapp HR. Reduced allergen-induced nasal congestion and leukotriene synthesis with an orally active 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. New Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1745–8
Laursen LS, Naesdal J, Bukhave K, et al. Selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibition in ulcerative colitis. Lancet 1990; 335: 683–5
Weinblatt ME, Kremer JM, Coblyn JS, et al. Zileuton, a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1992; 19: 1537–41
Tozer TN, Winter ME. Phenytoin. In: Evans et al., editors. Applied pharmacokinetics. Principles of therapeutic drug monitoring. 3rd ed. Vancouver: Applied Therapeutics Inc., 1992: 25–1–25–44
Nation RL, Evans AM, Milne RW. Pharmacokinetic drug interactions with phenytoin. Clin Pharmacokinet 1990; 18: 37–60, 131–50
Machinist JM, Kukulka MJ, Bopp BA. In vitro plasma protein binding of zileuton and its N-dehydroxylated metabolite, N-dehydroxyzileuton. Clin Pharmacokinet 1995; 29 Suppl. 2: 34–41
Gibaldi M, Perrier D, editors. Pharmacokinetics. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1982
Beal S, Sheiner L. NONMEM Users Guide, NONMEM version IV. Project Group, University of California, San Francisco, 1989
Awni WM, Braeckman RA, Cavanaugh JH, et al. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor zileuton and and the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor naproxen in human volunteers. Clin Pharmacokinet 1995; 29 Suppl. 2: 112–24
Awni WM, Hussein Z, Granneman GR, et al. Pharmacodynamic and sterioselective pharmacokinetic interactions between zileuton and warfarin in humans. Clin Pharmacokinet 1995; 29 Suppl. 2: 67–76
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Samara, E., Cavanaugh, J.H., Mukherjee, D. et al. Lack of Pharmacokinetic Interaction between Zileuton and Phenytoin in Humans. Clin-Pharmacokinet 29 (Suppl 2), 84–91 (1995). https://doi.org/10.2165/00003088-199500292-00012
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00003088-199500292-00012