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Rapid Discrimination of Closely Related Seed Herbs (Cumin, Caraway, and Fennel) by Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS)

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Abstract

Direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) was applied as a rapid method for the discrimination of the spices and traditional medicines cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), caraway (Carum carvi L.), and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). The seeds of these plants were analyzed without sample preparation by DART ion source coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry. The relatively clean DART spectra showed characteristic patterns, fingerprints, for each herb. It was found that a marker compound can be assigned to each species that can identify unambiguously these plants. Principal component analysis has also been used to analyze the DART-MS data of these seed herbs. Crispanone, carvone, and fenchone are the dominant compounds in the positive DART spectra of cumin, caraway, and fennel, respectively. Crispanone was first time identified as a constituent of cumin. Furthermore, the collision-induced dissociation (CID) behavior of the [M+NH4]+ ion of crispanone was also described.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge Dr. István Bácsi (Department of Hydrobiology, University of Debrecen) for his help in taking microscopical photos using Olympus Provis BX50 microscope equipped with an Olympus DP80 digital camera, and Éva Fülöpné Barabás for the transverse sections. This work was financially supported by Grant K-101850 given by OTKA (National Fund for Scientific Research Development, Hungary), and Grant TÁMOP- 4.2.2.A-11/1/KONV-2012-0036 supported by the European Union and co-funded by the European Social Fund. This paper was supported by the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary

    Borbála Antal, Ákos Kuki, Lajos Nagy, Tibor Nagy, Miklós Zsuga & Sándor Kéki

  2. Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary

    Márta M-Hamvas & Gábor Vasas

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  1. Borbála Antal
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  2. Ákos Kuki
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  3. Lajos Nagy
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Correspondence to Sándor Kéki.

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Antal, B., Kuki, Á., Nagy, L. et al. Rapid Discrimination of Closely Related Seed Herbs (Cumin, Caraway, and Fennel) by Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS). ANAL. SCI. 32, 1111–1116 (2016). https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.32.1111

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.32.1111

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