Research Articles
Property Rights Orientations and Rangeland Management Objectives: Texas, Utah, and Colorado

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Abstract

In response to substantial economic and social dislocations in the United States, many rangeland owners are changing land use and management practices. Changes in land use can significantly affect the services rangeland ecosystems provide. Decisions associated with such changes are likely mediated by landowner views regarding individual rights, social responsibilities, and the future security of property rights. In this paper, we examine the extent to which landowners are likely to adopt, without public compensation, socially desirable land management objectives that enhance ecosystem services from rangelands. The study consisted of a mail survey of landowners with at least 40 ha: 500 in Texas, 500 in Utah, and 694 in Colorado. Adjusted response rates were 62% in Texas, 46% in Utah, and 51% in Colorado. Regression analyses showed that willingness to adopt socially desirable rangeland management objectives was positively correlated with the social responsibility dimension of respondents' property rights orientations but negatively correlated with the rights erosion dimension. Our results also suggested that landowners in private land states, such as Texas, might be less willing than landowners in states with more public land to manage their land for the maintenance of ecosystem services without being compensated. Although the scope of our study was limited, the results suggest that agencies tasked with maintaining ecosystem services on private rangelands might more successfully achieve their mission by promoting social responsibility among landowners. Including community leaders with a highly developed sense of social responsibility in programs aimed at improving land stewardship and including peer-pressure incentives in such programs might enhance social responsibility perspectives among landowners. Such programs should also be adaptable at the state-level to account for differences in property-rights orientations relative to landowner dependence on private and public land.

Resumen

En repuesta de las confusiones substanciales sociales y económicas en los Estados Unidos de América, muchos de los propietarios de pastizales están cambiando el uso del terreno y las prácticas de manejo. Los cambios en el uso de la tierra puedes afectar significativamente los servicios que el ecosistema de pastizal provee. Las decisiones asociadas con tales cambios probablemente son mediadas por los puntos de vista de los propietarios con respecto a los derechos individuales, responsabilidades sociales y seguridad futura de los derechos de la propiedad. En este articulo, examinamos que tan dispuestos están los propietarios de los terrenos a adoptar, sin una compensación pública, los objetivos de manejo de la tierra socialmente deseables que mejoran los servicios del ecosistema del pastizal. El estudio consistió de una encuesta por correo a los propietarios de los terrenos con al menos 40 ha: 500 en Texas, 500 en Utah, y 500 en Colorado. Las tasas ajustadas de respuesta fueron 62% en Texas, 46% en Utah y 51% en Colorado. Los análisis de regresión encontraron que la disposición para adoptar los objetivos de manejo del pastizal socialmente deseables estuvo positivamente correlacionada con la dimensión de responsabilidad social de la orientación de los derechos de propiedad de los propietarios que respondieron las encuestas y correlacionada negativamente con la dimensión de los derechos de erosión. Nuestros resultados también sugieren que los propietarios de tierras en los estados con terrenos privados, como Texas, pueden estar menos dispuestos que los propietarios de los estados con terrenos públicos a manejar su tierra para mantener los servicios del ecosistema sin ser recompensados. Mientras que el alcance de nuestro estudio fue limitado, los resultados sugieren que las agencias a cargo de mantener los servicios de los ecosistemas en pastizales privados pudieran alcanzar su misión más exitosamente al promover la responsabilidad social entre los propietarios. Los programas enfocados a mejorar la administración pueden también ser una herramienta útil para promover un sentido de responsabilidad social entre los propietarios de los terrenos. Los programas para cambiar el manejo de los pastizales deben ser adaptables a nivel de estado para tomar en cuenta las diferencias en la orientación de los derechos de propiedad relativos a la dependencia del propietario en las tierras públicas y privadas.

Section snippets

INTRODUCTION

In recent years, ranchers in the United States have experienced substantial economic and social dislocations due to low livestock prices, declining rangeland productivity, and more stringent environmental regulations (Knight et al. 2002). Further, many ranchers are living within or near rapidly growing communities where land is being increasingly subdivided (McGranahan 1999). In response to such pressures, many ranchers are making changes in their land management practices, business

Mail Survey

A survey questionnaire was mailed to 1 694 rangeland owners in Texas, Utah, and Colorado. In each state, 1 county with population growth above the state average (high growth) and 1 with growth below the state average (low growth) between 1990 and 2000 were selected along a transect line centered on a major urban area. The selected high and low growth counties included (10-year change in parentheses): Llano (46.5%) and Sutton (-1.4%) in Texas (22.8%), Summit (91.6%) and Uintah (13.6%) in Utah

Response patterns

The response rates were determined based on the actual number of landowners who were qualified survey participants, i.e., those who reported having at least 40 ha and who earned at least some income from ranching activities on their land. Based on the adjustment for nonqualified respondents, the response rates were 62% in Texas, 46% in Utah, and 51% in Colorado.

The overall mean response values for implementing each of the 6 listed land management objectives without compensation, and the

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

The objective of our study was to explore landowner attitudes regarding the uncompensated adoption of socially desirable rangeland management objectives that enhance the delivery of ecosystem services. We were specifically interested in determining how landowners' property rights orientations might influence these attitudes. In conducting the study, we assumed that rangeland management practices that enhance the delivery of ecosystem services are ecologically sound. The factor analysis revealed

MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS

Rangelands around the world provide ecosystem services that are critical for the survival and welfare of human beings. Because many rangelands in the western United States occur on privately owned land, management decisions that affect vegetation composition on private rangelands have a direct bearing on the delivery of ecosystem services that are important to human societies. For example, quality water supplies, properly functioning wetlands/riparian areas, and suitable habitat for endangered

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      However, we argue that such assumption fails to acknowledge that awareness can be endogenous to the adoption decision of the respondents (Daberkow and McBride (2003). A review of the range social science literature suggests that several studies have focused on the adoption of innovative methods in range management (Cook and Ma, 2014; Kreuter et al., 2006; Lubell et al., 2013; Ma and Coppock, 2012; Peterson and Coppock, 2001). One common assumption in the existing adoption literature is that rangeland owners while revealing their opinions through survey responses, are fully aware of the characteristics of innovation.

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    This project was supported by the National Research Initiative of the Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, USDA, Grant 00-35401-9255.

    The manuscript is based on research results included in the PhD Dissertation of M.V.N.

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