노후 기초소득보장을 위한 우리나라 기초연금은 국민연금, 공공부조 제도와의 중복으로 인한혼란과 불공평의 문제를 가지고 있다. 그 성격이 불분명하고, 세대 간 이전의 형평성 측면에서도국민연금에 비해 불공평하다. 국민연금 및 공공부조와의 차감방식이 노인들의 불만을 야기하고국민연금 보험료 납입 의지를 약화시킨다는 지적이 있다. 본 연구에서는 모든 노인들에게 균등한기초생활보장 수준의 연금을 보장하되 기여방식으로 재원을 조달하는 방안에 대해 검토하였다.
소득이 적거나 없는 사람에게는 국가가 보험료 납입을 지원하고, 자신의 소득으로 납입하는 경우에는 그것을 소득비례연금에 반영하여 더 많은 연금을 받도록 할 수 있다. 기여방식의 기초연금으로 1인 1연금을 실현하여 세대 간 이전의 형평성을 달성하고, 노인들의 부양의무자나 생활상을포함하는 자산조사도 폐지할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 기초연금을 단기간에 기여방식으로전환하는 것은 현실적으로 가능하지 않을 것이고 폭넓은 사회적 합의와 정교한 계획을 통해 장기적으로 추진되어야 할 것이다.
It is not clear whether the basic pension in Korea universal allowance or selective assistance is. And clawing back mechanism among basic pension, National Pension and National Basic Living Security could lead resentment from seniors and reluctance of the younger to pay for their pension. Thus, the current income security system for seniors in Korea needs to be improved. The non-contributory basic pension could not motivate people to prepare for their own pension and increase financial burden of state. The shift from non-contributory basic pension to contributory basic pension could be an alternative. Seniors will receive the basic security pension as minimum income if they have paid enough contribution during their working lifetime. Paying contribution out of own income for basic pension could be rewarded by more pension, while people with low income should be supported by paying contribution. A contributory basic pension could revoke national basic living security with means test for seniors.
It is not clear whether the basic pension in Korea universal allowance or selective assistance is. And clawing back mechanism among basic pension, National Pension and National Basic Living Security could lead resentment from seniors and reluctance of the younger to pay for their pension. Thus, the current income security system for seniors in Korea needs to be improved. The non-contributory basic pension could not motivate people to prepare for their own pension and increase financial burden of state. The shift from non-contributory basic pension to contributory basic pension could be an alternative. Seniors will receive the basic security pension as minimum income if they have paid enough contribution during their working lifetime. Paying contribution out of own income for basic pension could be rewarded by more pension, while people with low income should be supported by paying contribution. A contributory basic pension could revoke national basic living security with means test for seniors.
