Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival rate of immediately provisionalized dental implants immediately placed into fresh extraction sockets.

Methods: The study consisted of 87 consecutive patients, ranging in age from 21 to 76 years (average: 53.30 ± 13.34 years), who received 210 immediately provisionalized, immediately placed dental implants between the years 2000 and 2005. Data were recorded regarding the survival rate of these implants and the incidence of complications.

Results: Follow-up ranged from 6 to 52 months (mean: 15.60 ± 12.60 months). Smoking, past and present, was reported by 28.7% and 20.7% of patients, respectively. The maxillary incisors were replaced most frequently, followed by the mandibular lateral incisors. Most of the implants were >13 mm in length and ≥3.75 mm in diameter. There were 47 (22.4%) single restored implants and 163 (77.6%) splinted implants. Overall, the implant survival rate was 97.6% (five implants failed). Complications, such as swelling, inflammation, and pain, were observed in 24 (11.4%) of the implants. No relation was found between complications and failure. The present study failed to reveal a relationship between implant survival rate and smoking, implant dimensions, and area of implantation.

Conclusion: Immediately provisionalized immediate implants can serve as a predictable procedure with high survival rates.