Prevalence of protein energy malnutrition among children: a cross sectional study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20190679Keywords:
Children, Kwashiorkor, Marasmic, Protein energy malnutrition (PEM), Severe acute malnutrition (SAM)Abstract
Background: In the world, hunger and malnutrition are most significant threat. Malnutrition is global risk factor for significant death among infants and pregnant woman. malnutrition increases the chances of several infections.
Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken in children age group of 1 to 18 years, suffering from protein energy malnutrition, attending Department of Paediatrics, tertiary care hospital, Bangalore during the period January 2016 to December 2016.
Results: In the present study, maximum number of cases (44) belongs to age group of 1-5 years, followed by 32 cases belongs to 6-12-year age group and 24 cases belong to 13-18-year age group. Maximum cases (59) belongs to female with male female ratio is 1:1.4. In the present study out of 100 cases, 81 cases came positive for protein energy malnutrition. Out of 81 cases positive for PEM, 34 cases belong to grade I followed by 24 cases belongs to grade II, 13 cases belong to grade III and 1o cases belongs to grade IV protein-energy malnutrition (PEM).
Conclusions: Malnutrition is like an iceberg, most people in the developing countries live under the burden of malnutrition.
References
Caulfield LE, de Onis M, Blössner M, Black RE. Undernutrition as an underlying cause of child deaths associated with diarrhea, pneumonia, malaria, and measles. Am J Clinical Nutrition. 2004;80(1):193-8.
Collins S, Dent N, Binns P, Bahwere, P, Sadler K, Hallam A. Management of severe acute malnutrition in children. Lancet. 2006; 368:1992-2000.
World health organization, global database on malnutrition. Available at: http://www.who.int/nutgrowthdb/en/.
Müller O, Krawinkel M. Malnutrition and health in developing countries. Canadian Med Assoc J. 2005;173(3):6-8.
Ayaya SO, Esamai FO, Rotich J, Olwambula AR. Socio-economic factors predisposing under five-year-old children to severe protein energy malnutrition at the Moi teaching and referral hospital, Eldoret, Kenya. Eastern African Med J l. 2004;81(8): 415-21.
United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund. 2009. Child malnutrition and household food insecurity remain major concerns for Bangladesh. Press Centre. Available at: http://www.unicef.org/media/media_48981.
Sen V, Purohit BK, Jain TP. Weight/height 2 ratio in assessment of protein calorie malnutrition. Indian Pediatr. 1980;17(2):135-8.
Srivastava. Prevalence of malnutrition among infants. Kanpur: Kanpur University; 1983.
Chakraborty S, Gupta SB, Chaturvedi B, Chakraborty SK. A study of protein energy malnutrition (PEM) in children (0 to 6 year) in a rural population of Jhansi district (UP). Indian J Community Med. 2006;31(4):291.
Christiaensen L and Alderman H. 2001. Child Malnutrition in Ethiopia: Can maternal knowledge augment the role of income? The world bank. Available at: http://www.worldbank.org.za.
Mahgoub SED, Nnyepi M, Bondeke T. Factors affecting prevalence of malnutrition among children under three years of age in Botswana. African J Food Agriculture Nutrit Development 2006;6(1):1-15.
Jeyaseelan L, Lakshman M. Risk factors for malnutrition in south Indian children. J Biosocial Science 1997;29(1):93-100.
