초록

이 논문은 홉스의 사회계약론에 대해 지난 반세기에 걸쳐 진행되어온 여성주의 비평을 참조하면서 여성과 젠더를 중심으로 홉스의 저작을 꼼꼼하게 다시 읽는 것을 목표로 한다. 홉스의 정치사상에는 페미니즘이 활용할 만한 요소가 꽤 많다. 홉스는 자연상태(state of nature)에서여성과 남성이 평등하다고 보았고 가부장적 가족을 전제하지 않았다. 자연상태에서 아이에 대한 지배권이 어머니에게 있다고 주장하였으며가족 관계를 기본적으로 정치적으로 해석했다. 그렇다면 자연상태에서남성과 똑같이 자유롭고 평등한 여성이 왜 국가상태에서는 그렇지 못할까? 홉스는 이 질문에 대해 명쾌한 해답을 내놓고 있는가? 이 논문은홉스의 사회계약론을 여성의 입장에서 분석하고 평가함으로써 홉스의 정치사상이 안고 있는 한계와 약점을 진단한다.

키워드

홉스, 사회계약, 성차, 젠더, 자연상태, 가족, 국가, 페미니즘

참고문헌(42)open

  1. [단행본] 토머스 홉스 / 2008 / 리바이어던 전2권 / 나남

  2. [단행본] Hobbes, Thomas / 1999 / The Elements of Law, Natural and Politic / Oxford University Press

  3. [단행본] Hobbes, Thomas / 1997 / On the Citizen / Cambridge University Press

  4. [단행본] Hobbes, Thomas / 1996 / Leviathan / Cambridge University Press

  5. [학술지] 김희강 / 2018 / 돌봄과 돌봄 없는 정치이론 / 한국정치학회보 52 (2) : 203 ~ 224

  6. [학술지] 전해정 / 2013 / 사회복지, 사회정의론, 합리성 ―롤즈의 정의론에 대한 비판적 기초연구― / 법철학연구 16 (2) : 81 ~ 106

  7. [단행본] 캐럴 페이트만 / 2004 / 페미니즘 정치사상사 / 이후

  8. [학술지] 황정미 / 2002 / 캐롤 페이트만과 탈(脫)가부장제의 정치적 상상력 / 여성과 사회 14 : 218 ~ 237

  9. [단행본] Abbey, Ruth / 2011 / The Return of Feminist Liberalism / McGill-Queen’s University Press

  10. [학술지] Brennan, Teresa / 1979 / ‘Mere Auxiliaries to the Commonwealth’: Women and the Origins of Liberalism / Political Studies 27 : 183 ~ 200

  11. [단행본] Brett, Annabel / 2011 / Changes of State: Nature and the Limits of the City in Early Modern Natural Law / Cambridge University Press

  12. [학술지] Brett, Annabel / 2010 / ‘The Matter, Forme, and Power of a Common-wealth’: Thomas Hobbes and Late Renaissance Commentary on Aristotle’s Politics / Hobbes Studies 23 : 72 ~ 102

  13. [단행본] Hampton, Jean / 2002 / A Mind of One’s Own:Feminist Essays on Reason and Objectivity / Westview : 337 ~ 368

  14. [단행본] Hampton, Jean / 1986 / Hobbes and the Social Contract Tradition / Cambridge University Press

  15. [학술지] Held, Virginia / 1987 / Noncontractual Society: A Feminist View / Canadian Journal of Philosophy 13 : 111 ~ 137

  16. [단행본] Hirschmann, Nancy J / 2016 / Oxford Handbook of Hobbes / Oxford University Press : 242 ~ 263

  17. [단행본] Hirschmann, Nancy J. / 1992 / Rethinking Obligation: A Feminist Method for Political Theory / Cornell University Press

  18. [단행본] Hoekstra, Kinch / 2007 / Cambridge Companion to Hobbes’s Leviathan / Cambridge University Press : 109 ~ 127

  19. [단행본] Hoekstra, Kinch / 2004 / Leviathan after 350 Years / Clarendon Press : 33 ~ 73

  20. [단행본] Jacobus, Mary / 1986 / Reading Woman:Essays in Feminist Criticism / Columbia University Press : 83 ~ 109

  21. [단행본] Jaquette, Jane S / 1998 / Women Writers and the Early Modern British Political Tradition / Cambridge University Press : 200 ~ 219

  22. [단행본] Jones, Kathleen / 1993 / Compassionate Authority: Democracy and the Representation of Women / Routledge

  23. [단행본] Macpherson, C. B / 1962 / The Political Theory of Possessive Individualism / Oxford University Press

  24. [학술지] McKay, Ian / 2014 / A Half-Century of Possessive Individualism: C. B. Macpherson and the Twenty-First-Century Prospects of Liberalism / Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 25 : 307 ~ 340

  25. [단행본] Nussbaum, Martha / 2006 / Frontiers of Justice: Disability, Nationality, Species Membership / Belknap Press

  26. [단행본] Odzuck, Eva / 2019 / Interpreting Hobbes’s Political Philosophy / Cambridge University Press : 223 ~ 241

  27. [단행본] Okin, Susan Moller / 1990 / Ethics 100 / University of Chicago Press : 658 ~ 669

  28. [단행본] Okin, Susan Moller / 1989 / Justice, Gender, and the Family / Basic Books

  29. [단행본] Okin, Susan Moller / 1979 / Women in Western Political Thought / Princeton University Press

  30. [단행본] Pateman, Carole / 1991 / Feminist Interpretations and Political Theory / Pennsylvania State University Press : 53 ~ 73

  31. [단행본] Pateman, Carole / 1988 / The Sexual Contract / Stanford University Press

  32. [학술지] Pateman, Carole / 1992 / Political Obligation, Freedom and Feminism / American Political Science Review 86 : 179 ~ 188

  33. [단행본] Pateman, Carole / 2012 / Feminist Interpretations of Thomas Hobbes / Pennsylvania State University Press : 18 ~ 43

  34. [학술지] Richardson, Janice / 2007 / Contemporary Feminist Perspectives on Social Contract Theory / Ratio Juris 20 : 402 ~ 423

  35. [단행본] Schochet, Gordon J / 1975 / Patriarchalism in Political Thought: The Authoritarian Family and Political Speculation and Attitudes Especially in Seventeenth-Century England / Basil Blackwell

  36. [단행본] Skinner, Quentin / 2018 / From Humanism to Hobbes / Cambridge University Press

  37. [단행본] Skinner, Quentin / 2002 / Visions of Politics, Vol. 3: Hobbes and Civil Science / Cambridge University Press

  38. [단행본] Skinner, Quentin / 1979 / The Foundations of Modern Political Thought, Vol. 2:The Age of Reformation / Cambridge University Press

  39. [단행본] Sreedhar, Susanne / 2012 / Feminist Interpretations of Thomas Hobbes / Pennsylvania State University Press : 260 ~ 279

  40. [학술지] Stefano, Christine Di / 1983 / Masculinity as Ideology in Political Theory:Hobbesian Man Considered / Women’s Studies International Forum 6 : 633 ~ 644

  41. [단행본] Tuck, Richard / 1979 / Natural Rights Theories: Their Origins and Development / Cambridge University Press

  42. [단행본] Warrender, Howard / 1957 / The Political Philosophy of Thomas Hobbes: His Theory of Obligation / Clarendon Press