기원전부터 사용한 수용성 색채 표현재료는 15세기에 들어서 비로소 체계적인 수채화 재료로 사용되었으며 20세기 회화 물감의 과학적인 개발과 현대화된 제조기술로 더욱 확장되었다. 한국화, 유화, 아크릴 등과 더불어 수채화는 현대미술에 있어서 매우 중요한 표현재료 위치를 차지하고 있다. 학습용, 일반용, 전문가용에 이르기까지 다양하고 세분화된 품질의 재료로 발전하였으며 색 수 또한 매우 다양해졌다.
동시대 미술이 활성화된 1950년대 이후 특정 재료 하나만 사용하지 않고 혼합기법에 의한 혼합재료를 사용하게 되면서 전통적인 사실주의 뿐 만 아니라 추상, 현대미술, 일러스트, 삽화 등에 다양한 재료가 사용되었다. 이시기에 수채물감과 함께 마카를 사용하여 작품을 하는 그림들이 많이 제작되었다. 그러나 많은 기법에 따른 혼합재료는 내광성이 서로 많이 다르기 때문에 작품제작 후 얼마 지나지 않아 색채변화가 크게 일어나며 더 나아가서는 작품이 작가의 의도와는 전혀 다른 색으로 변하여 남거나 사라지게 된다.
색채변화를 실험하는 기기는 스탠더드 페이드 오 미터기(Standard Fade O Meter)를 사용하여 자외선에 의한 내광성, 온도에 의한 내열성, 습도에 의한 내습성도 겸하여 실험하였다. 자외선에 의한 내광성 실험은 카본아크 등(燈)에서 발생하는 자외선에 의한 색채변화를 주요 실험 관찰 내용으로 하였다. 실험한 결과는 분광광도계를 사용하여 측색하고 먼셀 H V/C 값과 CIE L*a*b 값으로 표기 하였다. 실험시간 단위는 20시간 단위로 5회 실험하고 측색 하였다.
본 연구는 이러한 자외선에 의한 안료와 염료의 색채변화를 실험 연구하여 세월이 지남에 따라 어느 정도의 색채가 변하는지 정량적으로 측색 제공 한다. 이를 통해 혼합재료 사용 시 작품 목적에 맞는 사용재료를 찾아 사용할 수 있도록 하여 안료와 염료의 내광성 차이로 인한 색채변화 재해를 방지한다.
Water soluble materials for color expression were used even before the B.C., era. Since then, use as structured water color materials began from the 15th Century. Their use became increasingly widespread due to the scientific development of paints and increasingly modernized production technology of the 20th Century. Along with the colors for the Korean paintings, oil paintings and acrylic paintings, water color has consolidated a very important position in the contemporary art as a very important material. It grew into a material of diverse and segmented qualities that is used for a wide variety of areas ranging from education, regular and professional use while the number of colors became diverse as well. As use of mixed techniques and mixed materials started after the 1950's when the art of the contemporary era got vitalized, instead of using merely specific materials, diverse materials were used not only for traditional realism, but also for abstract, contemporary art, illustrations, and illustrates. During this period, many paintings that used water color paints along with markers were produced. However, because light stability of mixed materials differs significantly depending on the types of techniques, significant color change results only after a short time. Likewise, artworks turn into a color that the painter had not intended or disappears. As for the device that tests color change, Standard Fade O Meter is used to conduct experiment on the light stability, heat resistance and humidity-resistance based on ultraviolet rays, temperature, and humidity, respectively. As for the experiment on the light stability based on ultraviolet rays, color change by ultraviolet rays that result from carbon arc was observed. Results of the experiment were subjected to colorimetric measurement by using spectrophotometer, and values were indicated into Munsell H V/C value and CIE L*a*b value. As for the unit of experiment time, experiment was conducted five times into units of 20 hours, and subjected to colorimetric measurement. This study conducted experiment on the change in the color of the pigment and dye resulting from ultraviolet rays, and provides quantitative colorimetric measurement, assessing to what degree the color changes. Through this, this ensures users to find the materials that suit the purpose of artwork when using mixed materials and prevents damage that may result from the change in color due to the use of the pigment and dye.
Water soluble materials for color expression were used even before the B.C., era. Since then, use as structured water color materials began from the 15th Century. Their use became increasingly widespread due to the scientific development of paints and increasingly modernized production technology of the 20th Century. Along with the colors for the Korean paintings, oil paintings and acrylic paintings, water color has consolidated a very important position in the contemporary art as a very important material. It grew into a material of diverse and segmented qualities that is used for a wide variety of areas ranging from education, regular and professional use while the number of colors became diverse as well. As use of mixed techniques and mixed materials started after the 1950's when the art of the contemporary era got vitalized, instead of using merely specific materials, diverse materials were used not only for traditional realism, but also for abstract, contemporary art, illustrations, and illustrates. During this period, many paintings that used water color paints along with markers were produced. However, because light stability of mixed materials differs significantly depending on the types of techniques, significant color change results only after a short time. Likewise, artworks turn into a color that the painter had not intended or disappears. As for the device that tests color change, Standard Fade O Meter is used to conduct experiment on the light stability, heat resistance and humidity-resistance based on ultraviolet rays, temperature, and humidity, respectively. As for the experiment on the light stability based on ultraviolet rays, color change by ultraviolet rays that result from carbon arc was observed. Results of the experiment were subjected to colorimetric measurement by using spectrophotometer, and values were indicated into Munsell H V/C value and CIE L*a*b value. As for the unit of experiment time, experiment was conducted five times into units of 20 hours, and subjected to colorimetric measurement. This study conducted experiment on the change in the color of the pigment and dye resulting from ultraviolet rays, and provides quantitative colorimetric measurement, assessing to what degree the color changes. Through this, this ensures users to find the materials that suit the purpose of artwork when using mixed materials and prevents damage that may result from the change in color due to the use of the pigment and dye.