Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(9):429-436 | DOI: 10.17221/223/2023-PSE

Herbicides and nutrients interaction on earthworm activity in tomato cultivated soil and toxicity appraisalOriginal Paper

Pavani Yerra1, Ponnusamy Janaki1, Alaguthevar Ramalakshmi2, Ramasamy Jagadeeswaran3, Arjunan Sankari4, Palanisamy Murali Arthanari5
1 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
2 Department Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
3 Department of Remote sensing and Geographic Information System, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
4 Department of Vegetables, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
5 Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India

While nutrients are administered through various sources and combinations, herbicides are used for pre-plant and pre-emergence weed control in the tomato fields. Therefore, a study was conducted to understand the effects of nutrient fertilisation through inorganic and organic sources along with farmers practice and the application of three herbicides, namely glyphosate, pendimethalin, and metribuzin, individually or in combinations, on earthworm activity in tomato crops. The herbicides caused a significant reduction in earthworm biomass and escapement to the lower 15 cm depth. Application of pendimethalin and metribuzin to soils inorganically fertilised with major and micronutrients resulted in low survival rates and a high ecological risk quotient. The effect was attenuated when farmyard manure was applied. The study suggests that when 2 to 3 herbicides are applied in succession and combined with inorganic fertilisers as nutrient sources, stringent measures like adding organic nutrient sources, applying the correct herbicide combination, etc., must be followed to reduce their toxicity to earthworms. This helps to protect and sustain earthworm activity and biodiversity in the soil.

Keywords: Solanum lycopersicum L.; vegetable; pesticide; bioindicator; organic nutrients; tank mixing herbicides

Received: June 2, 2023; Revised: September 12, 2023; Accepted: September 13, 2023; Prepublished online: September 25, 2023; Published: September 29, 2023  Show citation

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Yerra P, Janaki P, Ramalakshmi A, Jagadeeswaran R, Sankari A, Murali Arthanari P. Herbicides and nutrients interaction on earthworm activity in tomato cultivated soil and toxicity appraisal. Plant Soil Environ.. 2023;69(9):429-436. doi: 10.17221/223/2023-PSE.
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