Czech J. Food Sci., 2023, 41(4):287-294 | DOI: 10.17221/114/2022-CJFS
Development of a novel invA gene-based real-time PCR assay for the detection of Salmonella in foodOriginal Paper
- 1 Veterinary Specialised Institute Kraljevo, Kraljevo, Serbia
- 2 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
In this study, the primers and the probe were designed, and a completely new real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol for detecting the invA gene of Salmonella in food was optimised and validated in-house. The inclusivity test used 76 different Salmonella isolates with no false-negative results. The exclusivity was tested using 45 non-Salmonella microorganisms with no false-positive results. The method was also successfully applied while examining five different artificially contaminated food categories. The results were compared to the standard method (ISO 6579-1) and two previously validated real-time PCR methods. The developed assay is sensitive and specific for rapidly detecting Salmonella in food.
Keywords: molecular detection; food safety; validation; pathogen; artificial contamination
Accepted: August 8, 2023; Prepublished online: August 17, 2023; Published: August 29, 2023 Show citation
ACS | AIP | APA | ASA | Harvard | Chicago | IEEE | ISO690 | MLA | NLM | Turabian | Vancouver |
References
- Altschul S.F., Gish W., Miller W., Myers E.W., Lipman D.J. (1990): Basic local alignment search tool. Journal of Molecular Biology, 215: 403-410. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Anderson A., Pietsch K., Zucker R., Mayr A., Müller-Hohe E., Messelhäusser U., Sing A., Busch U., Huber I. (2011): Validation of a Duplex Real-Time PCR for the detection of Salmonella spp. in different food products. Food Analytical Methods, 4: 259-267. Go to original source...
- Broeders S., Huber I., Grohmann L., Berben G., Taverniers I., Mazzara M., Roosens N., Morisset D. (2014): Guidelines for validation of qualitative real-time PCR methods. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 37: 115-126. Go to original source...
- Bustin S.A., Benes V., Garson J.A., Hellemans J., Huggett J., Kubista M., Mueller R., Nolan T., Pfaffl M.W., Shipley G.L., Vandesompele J., Wittwer C.T. (2009): The MIQE Guidelines: Minimum information for publication of quantitative real-time PCR experiments. Clinical Chemistry, 55: 611-622. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Dmitric M., Vidanovic D., Matovic K., Sekler M., Saric L., Arsic M., Karabasil N. (2018): In-house validation of real-time PCR methods for detecting the INV A and TTR genes of Salmonella spp. in food. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 42: 1-9. Go to original source...
- Dmitric M. (2019): The detection of Salmonella species and characterization of Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium from food chain. [Ph.D. Thesis.] Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine.
- EFSA (2019): EFSA Scientific report on the European Union One Health 2018 Zoonoses Report. European Food Safety Authority. EFSA Journal, 7: 276.
- Fàbrega A., Vila J. (2013): Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium skills to succeed in the host: Virulence and regulation. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 26: 308-341. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Forootan A., Sjöback R., Björkman J., Sjögreen B., Linz L., Kubista M. (2017): Methods to determine the limit of detection and limit of quantification in quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Biomolecular Detection and Quantification, 12: 1-6. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Garrido A., Chapela M.J., Román B., Fajardo P., Vieites J.M., Cabado A.G. (2013): In-house validation of a multiplex real-time PCR method for simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157 and Listeria monocytogenes. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 164: 92-98. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Grohmann L., Broll H., Dagand E., Hildebrandt S., Hübert P., Kiesecker H., Lieske K., Mäde D., Mankertz J., Reiting R., Schulze M., Speck B., Uhlig S., Wahler D., Waiblinger H-U., Woll K., Zur K. (2016): Guidelines for the single-laboratory validation of qualitative real-time PCR methods. Braunschweig, Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety: 1-17.
- ISO (2011): Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection and quantification of food-borne pathogens - Performance characteristics (ISO 22118: 2011). Available at https://www.iso.org/home.html (accessed Jan 13, 2015).
- ISO (2017): Microbiology of the food chain - Horizontal method for the detection, enumeration and serotyping of Salmonella - Part 1: Detection of Salmonella spp. (ISO 6579-1: 2017). Available at https://www.iso.org/home.html (accessed Sept 21, 2017).
- Law J.W.F., Mutalib N.S.A., Chan K.G., Lee L.H. (2014): Rapid methods for detecting foodborne bacterial pathogens: Principles, applications, advantages and limitations. Frontiers in Microbiology, 5: 1-19. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Malorny B., Paccassoni E., Fach P., Bunge C., Martin A., Helmuth R., Aliments S. (2004): Diagnostic real-time PCR for detection of Salmonella in food. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70: 7046-7052. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Raymaekers M., Smets R., Maes B., Cartuyvels R. (2009): Checklist for optimization and validation of real-time PCR assays. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, 23: 145-151. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Rozen S., Skaletsky H. (2000): Primer 3 on the www for general users and for biologist programmers. Methods in Molecular Biology, 132: 365-386. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- TFS (2016): Real-Time PCR Handbook. 3rd Edition. Thermo Fisher Scientific. Available at https://www.thermofisher.com/content/dam/LifeTech/global/Forms/PDF/real-time-pcr-handbook.pdf (accessed May 9, 2018).
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.