Research Article
Developing the attitude scale for Arduino use in courses
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a Likert-type scale to determine the attitudes of teachers and preservice teachers towards using Arduino in their courses. Arduino is one of the leading robotic vehicles in education. There is much data about how attitudes shape behaviors. The positive attitude of the teachers about the usefulness of Arduino in the educational context is a facilitating component for them to use it more effectively. In the process of developing the scale, the Likert scale development process consisting of 8 steps determined by Anderson was followed. The draft test was applied to a total 312 teachers who are working in 11 different disciplines and participated in Arduino courses. The data obtained as a result of the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett tests were determined to be suitable for factor analysis. As a result of the factor analysis, a scale with a single factor, consisting of 21 items and with a value of .919 Cronbach's Alpha, was obtained.
References
- Altin, H., & Pedaste, M., (2013). Learning approaches to applying robotics in science education. Journal of Baltic Science Education 12(3), 365-377 Anderson, L. W., (1988). Attitudes and Their Measurement, In Keeves, J. P. (Ed.) Educational Research, Methodology and Measurement. An International Handbook (421-426). New York: Elsevier Science & Technology Books Arkonac A. S., (2001). Sosyal Psikoloji (Social Psychology) (2nd Edition). İstanbul: Alfa Publications. Balogh, R., (2010). Educational robotic platform based on Arduino, Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Robotics in Education, 119–122, Slovakia. Beer, R. D., Chiel, H. J., & Drushel, R. F. (1999). Using robotics to teach science and engineering. Communications of the ACM, 42(6), 85-92. Bender P., & Kussmann, K. (2012). Arduino based projects in the computer science capstone course. Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges, 27(5), 152–157. Benitti, F. B. V., (2012). Exploring the educational potential of robotics in schools: A Systematic review. Computers & Education, 58(3), 978–988. Büyüköztürk, Ş., (2007). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Publications. Deniz Sunbul, S., (2006), Comparement of psychometric characteristics of attitude scales which are developed by different likert type scale development techniques, Mersin University, Social Sciences Institute, Unpuplished Master Thesis Ekici, F., Ekici, E., Ekici, F., & Kara, İ. (2012). Validity and Reliability Study of ICT Self-Efficacy Perception Scale for Teachers. Pamukkale University Journal of Education, 31(31), 53-65. Ekici, G., (2002). The attitude scale of biology teachers toward laboratory lesson (ASBTTLL). Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 22, 62-66. Kalaycı, Ş., (2010). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri (Multivariate statistical techniques with SPSS). Ankara:Asil Publications Kline, R. B. (2013). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. In Y. Petscher & C. Schatsschneider, (Eds.), Applied quantitative analysis in the social sciences (171-207). New York: Routledge Leech, N. L., Barrett, K. C., & Morgan, G. A., (2005), SPSS for intermediate statistic: User and interpretation (2nd edition). Mahwah, NJ:Erlbaum National Research Council (NRC), (1990). A philosophy and framework for curriculum. Reshaping school mathematics. Washington: National Academy Press Nourbakhsh, I., Crowley, K., Bhave, A., Hamner, E., Hsium, T., Perez-Bergquist, A., Richards, S., & Wilkinson, K., (2005). The robotic autonomy mobile robots course: Robot design, curriculum design, and educational assessment. Autonomous Robots, 18(1), 103–127. Özgüven, İ. E., (1998). Bireyi Tanıma Teknikleri (Individual Recognition Techniques). Ankara: PDREM Publications. Robinson, M. (2005). Robotics-driven activities: Can they improve middle school science learning? Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 25(1), 73-84. Rogers, C., & Portsmore, M. (2004). Bringing engineering to elementary school. Journal of STEM Education, 5(3&4), 17–28. Sarik J. & Kymissis, I. (2010). Lab kits using the Arduino prototyping platform, Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), Arlington, Virginia, USA. Somyürek, S. (2015). An effective educational tool: construction kits for fun and meaningful learning. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 25(1), 25-36 Tavşancıl, E., 2014. Tutumların ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile veri Analizi (Measurement of Attitudes and Data Analysis with SPSS) (5th Edition). Ankara: Nobel Publications. Tezbaşaran, A. (1997). Likert tipi ölçek geliştirme kılavuzu (Likert type scale development guide). Ankara:Turkish Psychological Association Publications. Thompson, B. (1992). A partial test distribution for cosines among factors across samples. In B. Thompson, (Eds.), Advances in social science methodology (81-97). Greenwich, CT: JAL. Ucgul, M., & Cagiltay, K. (2014). Design and development issues for educational robotics training camps. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 24(2), 203-222. Uredi, I., & Uredi, L., (2005). A program evaluation study to examine prospective teachers' attitudes towards classroom teaching department. Yeditepe University Journal of Education (EDU7), 1(2) Yıldız, B. (2017). Interdisciplinary teaching approach: Computational thinking and STEM. In Yasemin Gülbahar (Eds.), From Computational Thinking to Programming, (19-340). Ankara:Pegem Publications
Abstract
References
- Altin, H., & Pedaste, M., (2013). Learning approaches to applying robotics in science education. Journal of Baltic Science Education 12(3), 365-377 Anderson, L. W., (1988). Attitudes and Their Measurement, In Keeves, J. P. (Ed.) Educational Research, Methodology and Measurement. An International Handbook (421-426). New York: Elsevier Science & Technology Books Arkonac A. S., (2001). Sosyal Psikoloji (Social Psychology) (2nd Edition). İstanbul: Alfa Publications. Balogh, R., (2010). Educational robotic platform based on Arduino, Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Robotics in Education, 119–122, Slovakia. Beer, R. D., Chiel, H. J., & Drushel, R. F. (1999). Using robotics to teach science and engineering. Communications of the ACM, 42(6), 85-92. Bender P., & Kussmann, K. (2012). Arduino based projects in the computer science capstone course. Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges, 27(5), 152–157. Benitti, F. B. V., (2012). Exploring the educational potential of robotics in schools: A Systematic review. Computers & Education, 58(3), 978–988. Büyüköztürk, Ş., (2007). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Publications. Deniz Sunbul, S., (2006), Comparement of psychometric characteristics of attitude scales which are developed by different likert type scale development techniques, Mersin University, Social Sciences Institute, Unpuplished Master Thesis Ekici, F., Ekici, E., Ekici, F., & Kara, İ. (2012). Validity and Reliability Study of ICT Self-Efficacy Perception Scale for Teachers. Pamukkale University Journal of Education, 31(31), 53-65. Ekici, G., (2002). The attitude scale of biology teachers toward laboratory lesson (ASBTTLL). Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 22, 62-66. Kalaycı, Ş., (2010). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri (Multivariate statistical techniques with SPSS). Ankara:Asil Publications Kline, R. B. (2013). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. In Y. Petscher & C. Schatsschneider, (Eds.), Applied quantitative analysis in the social sciences (171-207). New York: Routledge Leech, N. L., Barrett, K. C., & Morgan, G. A., (2005), SPSS for intermediate statistic: User and interpretation (2nd edition). Mahwah, NJ:Erlbaum National Research Council (NRC), (1990). A philosophy and framework for curriculum. Reshaping school mathematics. Washington: National Academy Press Nourbakhsh, I., Crowley, K., Bhave, A., Hamner, E., Hsium, T., Perez-Bergquist, A., Richards, S., & Wilkinson, K., (2005). The robotic autonomy mobile robots course: Robot design, curriculum design, and educational assessment. Autonomous Robots, 18(1), 103–127. Özgüven, İ. E., (1998). Bireyi Tanıma Teknikleri (Individual Recognition Techniques). Ankara: PDREM Publications. Robinson, M. (2005). Robotics-driven activities: Can they improve middle school science learning? Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 25(1), 73-84. Rogers, C., & Portsmore, M. (2004). Bringing engineering to elementary school. Journal of STEM Education, 5(3&4), 17–28. Sarik J. & Kymissis, I. (2010). Lab kits using the Arduino prototyping platform, Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), Arlington, Virginia, USA. Somyürek, S. (2015). An effective educational tool: construction kits for fun and meaningful learning. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 25(1), 25-36 Tavşancıl, E., 2014. Tutumların ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile veri Analizi (Measurement of Attitudes and Data Analysis with SPSS) (5th Edition). Ankara: Nobel Publications. Tezbaşaran, A. (1997). Likert tipi ölçek geliştirme kılavuzu (Likert type scale development guide). Ankara:Turkish Psychological Association Publications. Thompson, B. (1992). A partial test distribution for cosines among factors across samples. In B. Thompson, (Eds.), Advances in social science methodology (81-97). Greenwich, CT: JAL. Ucgul, M., & Cagiltay, K. (2014). Design and development issues for educational robotics training camps. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 24(2), 203-222. Uredi, I., & Uredi, L., (2005). A program evaluation study to examine prospective teachers' attitudes towards classroom teaching department. Yeditepe University Journal of Education (EDU7), 1(2) Yıldız, B. (2017). Interdisciplinary teaching approach: Computational thinking and STEM. In Yasemin Gülbahar (Eds.), From Computational Thinking to Programming, (19-340). Ankara:Pegem Publications
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