최근 정부는 국정 비전이자 목표인 ‘국민의 행복’과 ‘안전’을 위해 ‘4대 사회악 근절’을 강도높게 추진하고 있다. 이에 따라 범죄예방부터 피해자 보호까지 모든 치안활동을 포함하는 종합대책을 내 놓고 있는 실정이다. 하지만 이러한 대책이 가해자를 위한 대책이 우선인지, 피해자를 위한 대책이 우선인지는 구별할 필요가 있다. 현행 법령하에서 성폭력 범죄의 피해자에게취해질 수 있는 여러 제도적 장치 역시 각 기관 및 단체에서 개별적으로 추진되고 있는 경우가 많아 정작 피해자에게 절실한 보호 및 지원제도에 대한 통합적인 관리체계는 미흡하기에,성폭력 근절에 대한 사회적 공감대가 형성됨에 따라 정부는 여성에 대한 폭력 분야에 대해서는 ‘아동․청소년의 성보호에 관한 법률’을 개정해 교육기관 종사자 등이 성범죄 발생 사실을 신고하지 않는 경우 과태료를 부과하도록 했고, ‘가정폭력 방지 및 피해자 보호 등에 관한 법률’을 개정해(2012. 2) 경찰의 ‘현장출입조사권’을 도입하는 등 다양한 보호대책을 광범위하게 추진․시행하고는 있지만, 사실상 이러한 대책에도 불구하고 사회적 약자를 대상으로 한 성폭력범죄들이 끊임없이 발생하고 있어 실효성 논란이 가중되고 있는 현실이다. 이러한 성폭력 범죄는 타 범죄에 비해서 범죄사실을 입증하기가 매우 어렵다는 것이 일반적이며, 신고가 된다 하더라도 불기소율이 매우 높은 범죄 중에 하나이다. 특히 여성과 아동들에 국한되어 있어 2차피해로 이어지고 있는 실정이다.
따라서 성폭력 범죄피해자에 대한 효율적인 보호와 지원을 위해서는 각 기관 및 단체별 근시안적이고, 개별적인 접근에서 벗어나 상호협력 가능한 통합적인 연계방안을 모색해 보아야 한다.
즉 이 논문은 대두되고 있는 4대 사회악 중 성폭력범죄에 대한 일반적인 논의와 이로서 발생되는 범죄피해자 지원기관의 실태에 따른 사례를 중심으로 문제점 및 개선방안에 대해 모색해 보고자 한다.
Recently, the government is implementing the 'Eradication of 4 Social Evils' with an intensive drive for the national vision and objectives of 'citizen happiness' and 'safety.' In alliance with such efforts, it has presented comprehensive measures on all policing from crime prevention to victim protection. However, it is necessary to distinguish whether the measures are those prioritizing the perpetrators or the victims. Under the current law, the various institutional framework for the sexual violence victims are often pushed ahead individually by each institution and organization,and thus a comprehensive management system for the support and protection of the victims is insufficient. Following the social consensus for the need to stop sexual violence, the government has amended juvenile sex protection laws to impose fees on education practitioners who do not report sexual crimes against women, and amended the ‘domestic violence prevention and victim protection laws’ (2012. 2) so that the police can investigate on site. However, regardless of these wide efforts, the reality is that sexual crimes against the socially weak do not seem to be dwindling, raising concerns of the effectiveness of such amendments. Generally sexual crimes are hard to prove, and even if reports are filed,most cases are dropped with non-prosecution disposition. Victims are usually limited to women and children and this leads to secondary victims. In this light, for the efficient protection and support of sexual violence victims, it is necessary to move away from the short-sighted, individual approach and search for a comprehensive cooperation method that allows mutual cooperation. Thus, this study seeks to outline the general discussions on sexual violence, one of the four social evils that is on the rise, and the effectiveness of the both domestic and international institutional support for victims according to the support scope as well as the problems and countermeasures.
Recently, the government is implementing the 'Eradication of 4 Social Evils' with an intensive drive for the national vision and objectives of 'citizen happiness' and 'safety.' In alliance with such efforts, it has presented comprehensive measures on all policing from crime prevention to victim protection. However, it is necessary to distinguish whether the measures are those prioritizing the perpetrators or the victims. Under the current law, the various institutional framework for the sexual violence victims are often pushed ahead individually by each institution and organization,and thus a comprehensive management system for the support and protection of the victims is insufficient. Following the social consensus for the need to stop sexual violence, the government has amended juvenile sex protection laws to impose fees on education practitioners who do not report sexual crimes against women, and amended the ‘domestic violence prevention and victim protection laws’ (2012. 2) so that the police can investigate on site. However, regardless of these wide efforts, the reality is that sexual crimes against the socially weak do not seem to be dwindling, raising concerns of the effectiveness of such amendments. Generally sexual crimes are hard to prove, and even if reports are filed,most cases are dropped with non-prosecution disposition. Victims are usually limited to women and children and this leads to secondary victims. In this light, for the efficient protection and support of sexual violence victims, it is necessary to move away from the short-sighted, individual approach and search for a comprehensive cooperation method that allows mutual cooperation. Thus, this study seeks to outline the general discussions on sexual violence, one of the four social evils that is on the rise, and the effectiveness of the both domestic and international institutional support for victims according to the support scope as well as the problems and countermeasures.
