Abstract
The ability to maintain metabolic homeostasis is a key capability critical for the survival and well-being of animals living in constantly changing environments. Metabolic homeostasis depends on neuromodulators, such as biogenic amines, neuropeptides, and hormones, to signal changes in animals’ internal metabolic status and to orchestrate their behaviors accordingly. An important example is the regulation of feeding behavior by conserved molecular and cellular mechanisms across the animal kingdom. Its relatively simple brain coupled with well-characterized genetics and behavioral paradigms makes the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster an excellent model for investigating the neuromodulatory regulation of feeding behavior. In this review we discuss the neuromodulators and neural circuits that integrate the internal physiological status with external sensory cues and modulate feeding behavior in adult fruit flies. Studies show that various specific aspects of feeding behavior are subjected to unique neuromodulatory regulation, which permits fruit flies to maintain metabolic homeostasis effectively.
概要
现代社会很多人受到肥胖、代谢紊乱和饮食不调的困扰,我们迫切地需要解决这些严重影响人类生活的问题,但直接在人类中开展研究的方式进展比较缓慢。幸运的是人类的进食和代谢过程与其它高等动物甚至昆虫相似,都具有极高的保守性。因此,我们可以利用相对容易操作的低等生物作为研究对象,加快解决问题的进程。果蝇便是一种非常好的实验对象,它是一种神经系统比较简单的模式生物。本文对果蝇成虫的进食行为进行了详细阐述,强调了果蝇的神经系统能实时监控机体的代谢状态,并能将其与外界环境的食物信号精准整合,从而调节它们进食的每个步骤。通过对果蝇进食和代谢相关的神经调节的研究能拓宽我们对人类相应疾病研究的视野。
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Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31522026) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Zhejiang Provincial Universities (No. 2019XZZX003-12), China
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Wang, Gh., Wang, Lm. Recent advances in the neural regulation of feeding behavior in adult Drosophila. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 20, 541–549 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1900080
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1900080