Skip to main content
Log in

Influence of nitrogen and sulfur fertilization on quality of canola (Brassica napus L.) under rainfed conditions

  • Published:
Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted at Cereal Crops Research Institute, Pirsabak, Nowshera, Pakistan, during winter 2003∼2004 and 2004∼2005 to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and sulfur levels and methods of nitrogen application on canola (Brassica napus L. cv. Bulbul-98) under rainfed conditions. Four levels of S (0, 10, 20, and 30 kg/ha) and three levels of N (40, 60, and 80 kg/ha) and a control treatment with both nutrients at zero level were included in the experiments. Sulfur levels were applied at sowing while N levels were applied by three methods (100% soil application, 90% soil+10% foliar application, and 80% soil +20% foliar application). The experiments were laid out in randomized complete block (RCB) design having four replications. Oil content increased significantly up to 20 kg S/ha but further increase in S level did not enhance oil content. Glucosinolate content increased from 13.6 to 24.6 μmol/g as S rate was increased from 0 to 30 kg/ha. Protein content increased from 22.4% to 23.2% as S rate was increased from 0 to 20 kg/ha. Oil content responded negatively to the increasing N levels. The highest N level resulted in the highest values for protein (23.5%) and glucosinolate (19.9 μmol/g) contents. Methods of N application had no significant impact on any parameters under study.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ahmad, A., Abdin, M.Z., 2000. Interactive effect of sulphur and nitrogen on the oil and protein concentrations and on the fatty acid profiles of oil in the seeds of rapeseed (Brassica campestris L.) and mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern. and Coss.). J. Agron. Crop Sci., 185(1):49–54. [doi:10.1046/j.1439-037X.2000.00401.x]

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Asare, E., Scarisbrick, D.H., 1995. Rate of nitrogen and sulphur fertilizers on yield, yield components and seed quality of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Field Crops Res., 44(1):41–46. [doi:10.1016/0378-4290(95)00051-7]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aulakh, M.S., Pasricha, N.S., Sahota, N.S., 1980. Yield, nutrient concentration and quality of mustard crops as influenced by nitrogen and sulphur fertilizers. J. Agric. Sci. (Cambridge), 94(1):545–549.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brennan, R.F., Mason, M.G., Walton, G.H., 2000. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the concentrations of oil and protein in canola (Brassica napus) seed. J. Plant Nutr., 23(3):339–348.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheema, M.A., Malik, M.A., Hussain, A., Shah, S.H., Basra, S.M.A., 2001. Effects of time and rate of nitrogen and phosphorus application on the growth and the seed and oil yields of canola (Brassica napus L.). J. Agron. Crop Sci., 186(2):103–110. [doi:10.1046/j.1439-037X.2001.00463.x]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, X.J., Zhu, Z.J., Ni, X.L., QIAN, Q.Q., 2006. Effect of nitrogen and sulfur supply on glucosinolates in Brassica campestris ssp. Chinensis. Agric. Sci. China, 5(8):603–608. [doi:10.1016/S1671-2927(06)60099-0]

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Colnenne, C., Meynard, J.M., Reau, R., Justes, E., Merrien, A., 1998. Determination of a critical nitrogen dilution curve for winter oilseed rape. Ann. Bot., 81(2):311–317. [doi:10.1006/anbo.1997.0557]

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daun, J.K., Clear, K.M., Williams, P., 1994. Comparison of three whole seed near infrared analyzers for measuring quality components of canola seed. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 71(10):1063–1068. [doi:10.1007/BF02675897]

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dubey, O.P., Sahu, T.R., Garg, D.C., 1994. Responses and economics in relation to nitrogen and sulphur nutrition in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea). Indian J. Agron., 39(1):49–53.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fismes, J., Vong, P.C., Guckert, A., Frossard, E., 2000. Influence of sulfur on apparent N-use efficiency, yield and quality of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) grown on a calcareous soil. Eur. J. Agron., 12(2):127–141. [doi:10.1016/S1161-0301(99)00052-0]

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gardner, F.P., Pearce, R.B., Mitchel, R.L., 1985. Growth and Development. In: Physiology of Crop Plants. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grombacher, A., Nelson, L., 1992. Canola Production. A University of Nebraska NebGuide Publication, No. G92-1076-A.

  • GOP (Government of Pakistan), 2004. Economic Survey Report 2003∼2004. Government of Pakistan, Finance Division, Islamabad.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haneklaus, S., Paulsen, H.M., Gupta, A.K., Bloem, E., Schnug, E., 1999. Influence of Sulphur Fertilization on Yield and Quality of Oilseed Rape and Mustard. In: New Horizons for an Old Crop. Proc. 10th Int. Rapeseed Congr. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hao, X., Chang, C., Travis, G.J., 2004. Short communication: effect of long-term cattle manure apllication on relations between nitrogen and oil content in canola seed. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 167(2):214–215. [doi:10.1002/jpln.200320355]

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hatam, M., Abbasi, G.Q., 1994. Oil Seed Crops. In: Crop Production. National Book Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan, p.329.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hocking, P.J., Kirkegaard, J.A., Angus, J.F., Gibson, A.H., Koetz, E.A., 1997. Comparison of canola, Indian mustard and Linola in two contrasting environments. I. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on dry-matter production, seed yield and seed quality. Field Crops Res., 49(2–3):107–125. [doi:10.1016/S0378-4290(96)01063-5]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holmes, M.R.J., 1980. Nitrogen. In: Nutrition of the Oilseed Rape Crop. Applied Sci. Pub. Barking Essex, England, p.21–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, G.D., 2000. Effects of nitrogen and sulfur on canola yield and nutrient uptake. Agron. J., 92(4):644–649.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janzen, H.H., Bettany, J.R., 1984. Sulfur nutrition of rapeseed. I. Influence of fertilizer nitrogen and sulfur rates. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 48:100–107.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khalil, I.A., Varanini, Z., Pinton, R., 1995. Nutritional aspects of Brassica oilseed crops. Sarhad J. Agric., 11(4):513–522.

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan, A.H., Khalil, I.A., Shah, H., 2004. Nutritional yield and oil quality of canola cultivars grown in NWFP. Sarhad J. Agric., 20(2):287–290.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kutcher, H.R., Malhi, S.S., Gill, K.S., 2005. Topography and management of nitrogen and fungicide affects diseases and productivity of canola. Agron. J., 97(2):533–541.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lambers, H., Poorter, H., 1992. Inherent variation in growth rate between higher plants: a search for physiological causes and ecological consequences. Adv. Ecol. Res., 23(1):187–261.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mailer, R.J., 1989. Effects of applied sulfur on glucosinolate and oil content in the seeds of rape (Brassica napus L.) and turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.). Aust. J. Agric. Res., 40(3):617–624. [doi:10.1071/AR9890617]

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Malhi, H., Leach, D., 2000. Restore Canola Yields by Correcting Sulfur Deficiency in the Growing Season. Proc. 12th Annual Meeting and Conference “Sustainable Farming in the New Millennium”. Saskatchewan Soil Conservation Association, Regina, SK, Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malhi, S.S., Gan, Y., Raney, J.P., 2007. Yield, seed quality, and sulfur uptake of Brassica oilseed crops in response to sulfur fertilization. Agron. J., 99(2):570–577. [doi:10.2134/agronj2006.0269]

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marschner, H., 1986. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Academic Press Inc., London, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGrath, S.P., Zhao, F.J., 1996. Sulphur uptake, yield responses and the interactions between nitrogen and sulphur in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus). J. Agric. Sci., 126(2):53–62.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muhammad, S., Khalil, I.A., Khan, S., 1991. Fatty acid composition of rape and mustard oilseed cultivars. Sci. Khyber, 4(1):29–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nuttall, W.F., Ukrainetz, H., Stewart, J.W.G., Spurr, D.T., 1987. The effect of nitrogen, sulphur and boron on yield and quality of rapeseed (Brassica napus L. and B. campestris L.). Can. J. Soil Sci., 67:545–559.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rathke, G.W., Christen, O., Diepenbrock, W., 2005. Effects of nitrogen source and rate on productivity and quality of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) grown in different crop rotations. Field Crops Res., 94(2–3):103–113. [doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2004.11.010]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rehman, K., Munir, A.M., Yousuf, M.A., 1987. Rape and Mustard in Pakistan. Tech. Bull. PARC, Islamabad.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schnug, E., 1991. Sulphur Metabolism in Oilseed Rape Plants with Particular Reference to Double Low Varieties. Proc. 8th Int. Rapeseed Congress. Saskatoon, Vol. 3, p.695–700.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steel, R.G.D., Torrie, J.H., 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach, 2nd Ed. McGraw Hill Book Co., New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Subhani, A., Shabbir, G., Fazil, M., Mahmood, A., Khalid, R., Cheema, N.M., 2003. Role of sulfur in enhancing the oil contents and yield of rapeseed under medium rainfed conditions. Pak. J. Soil Sci., 22(4):50–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thakral, S.K., Singh, B.P., Faroda, A.S., Gupta, S.K., 1996. Effect of irrigation and fertility levels on the oil yield and quality of Brassica species. Annals of Agric. Res., 17(4):416–418.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Q.R., Pinkerton, A., Hocking, P., Wang, Q.R., 1997. Effects of sulphur top-dressing on yield and quality of a double-low rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Oil Crops of China, 19(1):53–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wetter, L.R., Ukrainetz, H., Downey, R.K., 1970. Effect of Chemical Fertilizers on the Contents of Oil, Protein and Glucosinolates in Brassica Including Rapeseed. In: International Conference on the Science, Technology, and Marketing of Rapeseed and Rapeseed Products. St. Adele, QC, Canada. 20–23 Sept. 1970. Rapeseed Assoc. of Canada, Ontario, ON, Canada, p.92–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Withers, P.J.A., O’Donnell, F.M., 1994. The response of double-low winter oilseed rape to fertiliser sulphur. J. Sci. Food Agric., 66(1):93–101. [doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740660114]

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, F., Bilsborrow, P.E., Evans, E.J., Syers, J.K., 1993. Sulphur turnover in the developing pods of single and double low varieties of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). J. Sci. Food Agric., 62(2):111–119. [doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740620203]

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arif M..

Additional information

Project supported by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ahmad, G., Jan, A., Arif, M. et al. Influence of nitrogen and sulfur fertilization on quality of canola (Brassica napus L.) under rainfed conditions. J. Zhejiang Univ. - Sci. B 8, 731–737 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.2007.B0731

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.2007.B0731

Key words

CLC number

Navigation