CARTA AOS EDITORES
Hypomanic episode secondary to sibutramine in a patient with type-I bipolar disorder
Episódio hipomaníaco secundário ao uso de sibutramina em paciente com transtorno bipolar do tipo I
Dear Editor,
A possible interaction between sibutramine and hypomanic state is reported in a previously normothymic patient with type-I bipolar disorder (DSM-IV diagnostic criteria).
J.G.S. is a 27-year-old single white woman with a five-year history of bipolar type-I disorder. During the last 18 months she remained completely asymptomatic under carbamazepine (1000 mg/daily; blood level: 7.8 mg/L) and risperidone (2 mg/daily). In order to reduce her overweight (body-mass index = 32.40 kg/m2), sibutramine was introduced (10 mg/daily) and was increased to 15 mg/daily after a week. Two weeks later, she presented irritable reactions when her behavior and whereabouts were questioned, increased energy with frenzied activity and pressured speech. Mental status examination did not demonstrate inflated self-esteem, psychomotor excitement or flight of ideas [Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) = 15 points; 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) = 8]. Laboratory work-up, including complete blood count, renal, liver and thyroid function tests, was unremarkable.
There was no previous history of substance abuse or another medical disorder. She has an uncle with history of type-I bipolar disorder. Her first manic episode occurred when she was 17 years old, without concomitant use of antidepressants. Since then, she has presented many hospitalizations due to manic and depressive episodes. These episodes occurred seven and three times, respectively, since the onset of the disorder. Mixed episodes never were observed. One of the manic episodes (YMRS = 51 points) occurred after one week under fluoxetine 60 mg/daily and carbamazepine 1000 mg/daily (blood level: 10.0 mg/L) during a depressive state (HRSD = 23).
She also used lithium carbonate (600 mg/daily), but the patient complained about intense shivers and sedation under valproic acid (1000 mg/daily).
With sibutramine withdrawal, increasing the dosage of carbamazepine to 1200 mg/daily (blood level: 9.0 mg/L) and introduction of clonazepam (1 mg/day), 12 days later, on discharge, her score on the YMRS had dropped to seven.
Therefore, we hypothesized that sibutramine may be responsible for the hypomanic symptoms in our bipolar patient due to: 1) the temporal relation between the sibutramine introduction and the onset of hypomanic state; 2) and its remission after drug's withdrawal.
Discussion
Sibutramine is a b-phenylethylamine indicated for the management of obesity. It is recommended for obese patients with an initial body-mass-index > 30 or > 27 in the presence of other risk factors.1,2 Sibutramine is a satiety-inducing serotoninnoradrenaline reuptake inhibitor that acts predominantly via its primary and secondary metabolites.1,2 It provides a mean weight loss of approximately 5 kilograms during 1 year when compared with placebo.2 Although it can be hypothesized that sibutramine may act in a similar way to other serotonin reuptake inhibitors in inducing hypomania/mania in predisposed individuals, there is only one report in the literature associating a mania episode and this drug, in spite of another case report showing hypomania secondary to sibutramine-citalopram interaction.3-5
Despite the obvious severe limitations inherent to case reports in general, the present work suggests a possible relation between hypomanic symptoms and the use of sibutramine. Future clinical studies are needed to confirm this interaction, mainly in psychiatric patients who have shown obesity and glucose intolerance more frequently.5
Felipe Filardi da Rocha
Mental Health Department, Universidade Federal de
Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
Thiago Ottoni Bamberg
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG),
Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
Fernanda Curry Carneiro Pinto,
Laura Mourão Guimarães e Gomes, Sandreane Silveira
School of Medicine, Universidade José do Rosário Vellano,
Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
Disclosures
- 1. Cordeiro Q, Vallada H. Sibutramine-induced mania episode in a bipolar patient. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2002;5(3):283-4.
- 2. McElroy SL, Frye MA, Altshuler LL, Suppes T, Hellemann G, Black D, Mintz J, Kupka R, Nolen W, Leverich GS, Denicoff KD, Post RM, Keck PE Jr. A 24-week, randomized, controlled trial of adjunctive sibutramine versus topiramate in the treatment of weight gain in overweight or obese patients with bipolar disorders. Bipolar Disord 2007;9(4):426-34.
- 3. Ferreira AD, Neves FS, da Rocha FF, Silva GS, Romano-Silva MA, Miranda DM, De Marco L, Correa H. The role of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in antidepressant-associated mania in bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2008. [Epub ahead of print]
- 4. Benazzi F. Organic hypomania secondary to sibutramine-citalopram interaction. J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63(2):165.
- 5. Rocha FF, Bezerra BP. The metabolic syndrome and psychiatric disorders: an association that cannot be forgotten. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol 2006;50(6):1138-9.
Publication Dates
-
Publication in this collection
17 Dec 2008 -
Date of issue
Dec 2008
