미얀마에서는 2011년 민선정부의 개방정책과 함께 외국인 직접투자는 급격하게 증 가되었고, 이는 미얀마 국내경제에 영향을 주었다. 이에 대한 고찰은 미얀마의 지속적 인 성장을 위하여, 그리고 우리나라의 미얀마에 대한 외국인 직접투자도 점차 증가하는 추세이므로 우리나라의 경제성장을 위해서도 필요하다. 이러한 이유로 본 연구에서는 제조업에 투입된 외국인 직접투자가 미얀마의 경제성장에 미친 영향과, 제조업 자체에 미친 영향을 분석하였다. 전자는 내생적 성장모형과 오차수정모형에 의하여 후자는 맘 퀴스트 모형과 페널모형에 의하여 분석되었다. 오차수정모형에 의하면 제조업에 투입된 외국인 직접투자가 타 산업에 투입된 외국 인 직접투자보다 국내총생산에 미치는 영향이 더 크다는 것을 의미한다. 그리고 제조업 에 투입된 외국인 직접투자가 타 산업에 투입된 외국인 직접투자보다 국내총생산 성장 에 정의 영향을 미칠 가능성이 높고, 빠르게 장기균형에 도달한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 외국인 직접투자가 제조업의 효율성에 미친 영향을 고찰하기 위해서, 맘퀴스트 분석 에서 계산된 효율성을 종속변수로, 기계 1대 당 노동시간을 독립변수로 폐널모형을 이 용하여 회귀분석을 하였다. 고정효과모형에서 독립변수는 기술적 효율성에 10% 유의 수준에서 영향을 미치지는 것으로 판단되었다. 연구결과에 의하면, 미얀마의 경우 제조업에 투입된 외국인 직접투자는 타 산업에 투입된 외국투자보다 국내총생산에 대한 파급효과가 크고 시차가 적었다. 그리고 제조 업에 투입된 외국인 직접투자는 제조업자체의 기술적 효율성증가에 기여하였다. 이러 한 점은 개발도상국이 해외개방을 통하여 외국인 직접투자를 유인하고자 할 때 참고해 야할 중요한 사항이다.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the effect of foreign direct investment(FDI) on the domestic economy in Myanmar. The study separated FDI in manufacturing from other industries by taking into consideration the fact that the effect may be different depending on the inputted industry generally. This work studied the effects of foreign direct investment on manufacturing and the effect of foreign direct investment on the efficiency of sewing companies. The former was analyzed by the endogenous growth model and the error correction model, and the latter by the Malmquist and the penal model. The analysis using the endogenous growth model and the error correction model showed results as follows: First, the effect of FDI in manufacturing is higher than that of foreign direct investment invested in other industries on the GDP. Second, the former effect reaches to a long term balance more quickly than the latter effect. The study using the Malmquist and the penal model showed results as follows: To the next, to examine the effect of FDI in manufacturing efficiency, regression analysis was performed by using the penal model with the efficiency calculated in the Malmquist analysis as the dependent variable and the working time per worker or the working time per person as independent variables. The results showed the fact that independent variables didi not affect the dependent variable as , but they were considered to have an effect on at the 10% significance level. In summary, in the case of Myanmar, FDI into manufacturing has a greater effect on gross domestic product and less time lag than FDI in other industries. And FDI into manufacturing contributed to the technical efficiency of the manufacturing industry itself. This is a important factor to note when developing countries like Myanmar want to attract FDI through foreign opening policy.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the effect of foreign direct investment(FDI) on the domestic economy in Myanmar. The study separated FDI in manufacturing from other industries by taking into consideration the fact that the effect may be different depending on the inputted industry generally. This work studied the effects of foreign direct investment on manufacturing and the effect of foreign direct investment on the efficiency of sewing companies. The former was analyzed by the endogenous growth model and the error correction model, and the latter by the Malmquist and the penal model. The analysis using the endogenous growth model and the error correction model showed results as follows: First, the effect of FDI in manufacturing is higher than that of foreign direct investment invested in other industries on the GDP. Second, the former effect reaches to a long term balance more quickly than the latter effect. The study using the Malmquist and the penal model showed results as follows: To the next, to examine the effect of FDI in manufacturing efficiency, regression analysis was performed by using the penal model with the efficiency calculated in the Malmquist analysis as the dependent variable and the working time per worker or the working time per person as independent variables. The results showed the fact that independent variables didi not affect the dependent variable as , but they were considered to have an effect on at the 10% significance level. In summary, in the case of Myanmar, FDI into manufacturing has a greater effect on gross domestic product and less time lag than FDI in other industries. And FDI into manufacturing contributed to the technical efficiency of the manufacturing industry itself. This is a important factor to note when developing countries like Myanmar want to attract FDI through foreign opening policy.
