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Materials challenges for quantum technologies based on color centers in diamond

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Abstract

Emerging quantum technologies require precise control over quantum systems of increasing complexity. Defects in diamond, particularly the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy center, are a promising platform with the potential to enable technologies ranging from ultra-sensitive nanoscale quantum sensors, to quantum repeaters for long distance quantum networks, to simulators of complex dynamical processes in many-body quantum systems, to scalable quantum computers. While these advances are due in large part to the distinct material properties of diamond, the uniqueness of this material also presents difficulties, and there is a growing need for novel materials science techniques for characterization, growth, defect control, and fabrication dedicated to realizing quantum applications with diamond. In this article we identify and discuss the major materials science challenges and opportunities associated with diamond quantum technologies.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Suong Ngyuen for discussions about diamond surface functionalization, Xiaofei Yu for providing the confocal image in Figure 1g, and Patrick Maletinsky for feedback on the manuscript. S.K. was supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (BES) under Award No. DE-SC0020313. L.V.H.R. acknowledges support from the Department of Defense through the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship Program. L.B.H. acknowledges support from the NSF Quantum Foundry through Q-AMASE-i program Award No. DMR-1906325. M.X. and P.C.M. were supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant No. OMA-1936118. A.C.B.J. acknowledges support from the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (BES) under Award No. DE-SC0019241, and by the NSF Grant No. DMR-1810544. N.P.d.L. was supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (BES) under Award No. DE-SC0018978, and by the NSF under the CAREER program (Grant No. DMR-1752047).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, USA

    Lila V. H. Rodgers & Nathalie P. de Leon

  2. Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, USA

    Lillian B. Hughes

  3. University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, USA

    Mouzhe Xie & Shimon Kolkowitz

  4. Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA

    Peter C. Maurer

  5. Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, USA

    Ania C. Bleszynski Jayich

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  1. Lila V. H. Rodgers
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Correspondence to Nathalie P. de Leon.

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Rodgers, L.V.H., Hughes, L.B., Xie, M. et al. Materials challenges for quantum technologies based on color centers in diamond. MRS Bulletin 46, 623–633 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43577-021-00137-w

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