Abstract
In this study, the ternary Ge–Sb–Se chalcogenide glass was fabricated by a standard melt-quenching technique for flexible infrared lenses. Chalcogenide glass should have unique thermal and mechanical properties to be applied to precision glass molding (PGM) process. Therefore, the relations between thermal properties and the moldability were investigated for (35–20)Ge–(5–20)Sb–60Se glass systems. The thermal and thermos-mechanical properties were characterized by the differential scanning calorimeter and thermos-mechanical analysis, respectively. Preceding experiments using a pressing tester were conducted before PGM process to evaluate the moldability. The surface condition of both chalcogenide glass disks and Tungsten Carbide (WC) molds were characterized by using an optical microscopy and an interferometer. The preferential compositions in (35–20)Ge–(5–20)Sb–60Se glass systems were selected to produce molded lenses. Finally, the molded chalcogenide lens was successfully fabricated using the preferential compositions and the processing conditions from the preceding experiments using a pressing tester.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D.H. Cha, H.J. Kim, Y. Hwang, J.C. Jeong, and J.H. Kim: Fabrication of molded chalcogenide-glass lens for thermal imaging applications. Appl. Opt. 51, 5649 (2012).
D.H. Cha, H.J. Kim, H.S. Park, Y. Hwang, J.H. Kim, J.H. Hong, and K.S. Lee: Effect of temperature on the molding of chalcogenide glass lenses for infrared imaging applications. Appl. Opt. 49, 1607 (2010).
J.H. Choi, D.H. Cha, H.Y. Kang, J.H. Kim, and H.J. Kim: Development of chalcogenide glass with thermal stability for molded infrared lens. Proc. SPIE 8982, 89821U (2014).
J.A. Savage: Infrared Optical Materials and Their Anti Reflection Coatings, Vol. 32 (Adam Hilger, Bristol, 1985); p. 1442.
M.A. Abdel-Rahim, A.H. Moharram, M. Dongol, and M.M. Hafiz: Experimental studies of the Ge–Sb–Se system. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 51, 355 (1990).
S.N. Zhang, J. He, T.J. Zhu, X.B. Zhao, and T.M. Tritt: Thermal conductivity and specific heat of bulk amorphous chalcogenides Ge20Te80−xSex (x = 0, 1, 2, 8). J. Non-Cryst. Solids 355, 79 (2009).
A.M. Farid, S.S. Fouad, and A.H. Ammar: The structural properties of GexSb40−xSe60 system. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 16, 97 (2005).
W.H. Wei, L. Fang, X. Shen, and R.P. Wang: Crystallization kinetics and thermal stability in Ge–Sb–Se glasses. Phys. Status Solidi B 250, 59 (2013).
Z.G. Ivanova and E. Cernoskova: Study on glass transition and crystallization kinetics of GexSb40−xSe60 glasses by differential thermal analysis. Thermochim. Acta 411, 177 (2004).
Schott: TIE-19: Temperature coefficient of the refractive index. In Proceedings of Schott Technical Information, Schott Inc.: Germany, 2008.
J.M. Lloyd: Thermal Imaging Systems (Plenum, New York, 1975); p. 257.
M. Micoulaut and G.G. Naumis: Glass transition temperature variation, cross-linking and structure in network glasses: A stochastic approach. Europhys. Lett. 47, 568 (1999).
S. Mamedov, D.G. Georgiev, T. Qu, and P. Boolch: Evidence for nanoscale phase separation of stressed-rigid glasses. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 15, S2397–S2411 (2003).
R.L. Myuller: Solid state chemistry, Z.U. Borisova ed.; Consultants’ Bureau: New York, 1966.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy of Korea (Grant No. 10043803).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Choi, J.H., Cha, DH., Kim, JH. et al. Development of thermally stable and moldable chalcogenide glass for flexible infrared lenses. Journal of Materials Research 31, 1674–1680 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2016.199
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2016.199