Abstract
Vapor-grown carbon fibers and carbon micro-beads were produced in the absence of catalysts from a natural precursor, camphor, by a thermal chemical vapor deposition process, at different temperatures in an argon medium. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectra, and electrical conductivity studies were used to characterize these fibers. It was observed that cylindrical fibers (diameter ∼3 μm) were obtained at 1033 K and rippled fibers (diameter ∼5 μm) were formed at 1273 K while carbon beads (diameter ∼0.5–1 μm) were formed at 1173 K. It is proposed that agglomeration of carbon beads predominate at pyrolysis temperature greater than 1173 K, resulting into rippled type fibers.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D.D.L. Chung, in Nanostructured Carbon for Advanced Applications, edited by G. Benedek, P. Milani, and V.G. Ralchenko (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 2001), pp. 331.
T. Masuda, S.R. Mukai, and K. Hashimoto, Carbon 31, 783 (1993).
G.P. Daumit, Carbon 32, 577 (1989).
S.W. Hudnut and D.D.L. Chung, Carbon 33, 1627 (1995).
R.T.K. Baker, M.A. Baber, P.S. Harris, F.S. Feates, and R.J. Waite, J. Catalysis 26, 51 (1972).
F. Benissad, P. Gadelle, M. Coulon, and L. Bonnetain, Carbon 26, 61 (1988).
K. Zaghib, K. Tatsumi, H. Abe, T. Ohsaki, and Y. Sawada, J. Electrochem. Soc. 145, 210 (1998).
H. Abe, T. Murai, and K. Zaghib, J. Power Sources 77, 110 (1999).
P.B. Jana and A.K. Mallik, J. Elastomers Plastics 26, 58 (1994).
K.B.K. Teo, M. Chhowalla, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne, G. Pirio, P. Legagneux, F. Wyczisk, D. Pribat, and D.G. Hasko, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 2011 (2002).
C.J. Lee, T.J. Lee, and J. Park, Chem. Phys. Lett. 340, 413 (2001).
K. Mukhopadhyay, K.M. Krishna, and M. Sharon, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 3182 (1994).
M. Sharon, K. Mukhopadhyay, K. Yase, S. Iijima, Y. Ando, and X. Zhao, Carbon 36, 507 (1998).
M. Sharon, W.K. Hsu, H.W. Kroto, D.R.M. Walton, A. Kawahara, T. Ishihara, and Y. Takita, J. Power Sources 104, 148 (2002).
Ph. Serp, A. Madronero, and J.L. Figueiredo, Fuel 78, 837 (1999).
F.W.J. Vanhattum, Ph. Serp, J.L. Figueiredo, and C.A. Bernardo, Carbon 35, 860 (1997).
M. Sharon, N. Sundarakoteeswaran, P.D. Kichambre, M. Kumar, Y. Ando, and X. Zhao, Diamond Relat. Mater. 8, 485 (1999)
R.T.K. Baker, in Carbon Fibers Filaments and Composites, edited by J.L. Figueiredo, C.A. Bernardo, R.T.K. Baker, and K.J. Huttinger (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1990), p. 405.
A.C. Ferrari and J. Robertson, in Nanostructured Carbon for Advanced Applications, edited by G. Benedek, P. Milani, and V.G. Ralchenko (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 2001), pp. 177.
R. Nemanich, J. Glass, G. Lucovsky, and R. Shroder, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 6, 1783 (1988).
R. Nemanich and S. Solin, Phys. Rev. B 20, 392 (1979).
L. Piraux, B. Nysten, A. Haquenne, J.P. Issi, M.S. Dresselhaus, and M. Endo, Solid State Commun. 50, 697 (1984).
A. Madronero, A. Hendry, and L. Froyen, Comp. Sci. Technol. 59, 1613 (1999).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pradhan, D., Sharon, M. & Mukhopadhyay, I. Synthesis of vapor-grown carbon fibers from camphor without catalyst and their characterization. Journal of Materials Research 18, 2033–2038 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2003.0286
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2003.0286