Performance of Nd2NiO4+δ-Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-δ Composite Cathodes for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

doi:10.15541/jim20160444

Abstract

Abstract:

Nd₂NiO_4+δ (NNO)-Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_2-δ (CGO) composites were further investigated as cathodes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). The effects of sintering temperature and the relative proportions of NNO and CGO on the cell performances were systematically investigated. Planar NiO-YSZ anode-supported cells in commercial size of 50 mm×50 mm were fabricated by tape casting, screen printing and co-sintering methods. A single cell consisted of a NiO-YSZ anode support, a NiO-YSZ anode interlayer, a YSZ electrolyte layer, a CGO interlayer, a NNO-CGO composite cathode layer, and a La_0.6Sr_0.4CoO_3-_δ (LSC) current collector from anode to cathode. The results show that the cell with 70NNO-30CGO composite cathode sintered at 1000℃ exhibits the highest power density of 385 mW/cm² at 0.7 V at 800℃. The ohmic resistance, polarization resistance and area specific resistance are 0.31, 0.266 and 0.576 Ω·cm², respectively. The analysis of electrochemical impedance spectra indicates that the polarization resistance mainly comes from charge transfer resistance. SEM image of the cross-section of the cell after testing reveals that each layer has a good adhesion. Meanwhile, compared with previous research, it can be concluded that adding a CGO interlayer in the single cells leads to an increase in the ohmic resistances and a decrease in the power densities, whereas the values of the polarization resistances decrease.

Key words: IT-SOFC, composite cathode, Nd₂NiO4₊δ, electrochemical performances

CLC Number:

TQ174

LI Si-Lin, TU Heng-Yong, YU Li-Jun. Performance of Nd₂NiO₄₊_δ-Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_2-_δ Composite Cathodes for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(5): 469-475.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 Cells with various composite cathodes sintered at different temperatures

Cell No.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Composite cathode	70NNO- 30CGO	70NNO- 30CGO	70NNO- 30CGO	50NNO- 50CGO	60NNO- 40CGO	80NNO- 20CGO	90NNO- 10CGO	NNO
T /℃	1000	1050	950	1000	1000	1000	1000	1000

Fig. 1 TGA-DSC curves of the NNO precursor powder

Fig. 2 (a) Voltage and power density curves as a function of current density, and (b) electrochemical impedance spectra and fit results with the corresponding equivalent circuit Cell 1 (2, 3) were performed at 800℃ with 70NNO-30CGO composite cathode sintered at various temperatures

Table 2 EIS fitted values of the different cells associated to the equivalent circuit reported in Fig.3(b)

Cell No.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	1	1
T /℃	800								750	700
L × 10^-7/ (Wb·A^-1)	7.7	7.8	7.6	7.1	7.3	7.6	7.7	7.7	7.7	7.7
R_s/ (Ω·cm²)	0.31	0.59	0.6	0.27	0.42	0.27	0.32	0.92	0.5	0.77
R₁/ (Ω·cm²)	0.15	0.23	0.25	0.31	0.25	0.25	0.28	0.28	0.30	0.50
R₂/ (Ω·cm²)	0.14	0.11	0.12	0.35	0.13	0.11	0.1	0.1	0.12	0.27
R_p/ (Ω·cm²)	0.29	0.34	0.37	0.66	0.38	0.36	0.38	0.38	0.42	0.77
ASR / (Ω·cm²)	0.6	0.93	0.97	0.93	0.80	0.63	0.70	1.30	0.92	1.51

Fig. 3 (a) Voltage and power density curves as a function of current density, and (b) electrochemical impedance spectra and fit results with the corresponding equivalent circuit Cell 1 (4, 5, 6, 7, 8) performed at 800℃ with various composite cathode sintered at 1000℃

Fig. 4 (a) Voltage and power density curves as a function of current density, and (b) electrochemical impedance spectra and fit results with the corresponding equivalent circuit Cell 1 at different operating temperatures. Cell 1 has 70NNO-30CGO composite cathode sintered at 1000℃

Fig. 5 SEM image of the cross-section of the single cell after testing

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Performance of Nd₂NiO₄₊_δ-Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_2-_δ Composite Cathodes for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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