Abstract
Keywords: Subject-environmental interactionspersonal qualitiessubject-joint interactionprofessional environmentIndex of Subjective UnityBig Five Personality model
Introduction
Rapid development of modern society, processes of informatization and globalization, expansion of professional activities’ fields, changes in socio-economic interactions in society contribute to the actualization of scientific interest towards psychological study of personality’s interaction efficiency in professional environment and ways of personal professional development (Tkach, 2013). In this regard the issue of collaborative activities’ efficiency is more actual than before, especially within work teams. It leads to the extension of professional field. Nowadays a highly-efficient specialist is characterized by highly developed cognitive and social skills, which improve through group interaction in professional environment. Individual and group work’s efficiency depend on high subjectivity, which is expressed, firstly, in active behavior with the aim to achieve a certain result in collaborative activity and, secondly, increment of one’s professionalism. Thus, one of the modern companies’ features is a shift towards “collaborative” management, which allows to integrate workers of all hierarchical levels in global problems’ solving. Such management style leads to the increase of labor’s productivity and its efficiency and contributes to the increase of satisfaction level, concerning the labor (Panfilova, 2005). Such organizations often function in a matrix structure, in which coworkers must use their skills and experience in both horizontal and vertical ways. Thus, a specialist can, on the one hand, control a group of subordinate employees and, on the other hand, be a part of specialists from different departments. Such a coworker will require a high individual efficiency both as a leader and as part of the group, participating in group discussions and making collective decisions (Panfilova, 2005).
Problem Statement
In this research we studied efficiency of joint activity through subject
Research Questions
We hypothesize that personal features of individual influence capability to integrate in subject-joint interactions.
Purpose of the Study
We consider that individual features qualitatively influence the effective task solving in professional environment. Study of individual features, influencing the ability to join subject-joint interactions will allow to broaden understanding of
Research Methods
For verifying hypotheses, following methods were chosen: “Big Five Personality Model” (Khromov, 2000) and “Index of Subjective Unity” (Mdivani, 2015).
Big Five Personality Model consists of 75 stimuli statements with opposite sense, characterizing one’s behavior in typical life situations, in which one’s personality traits appear more evidently.
Questionnaire contains 150 phrases, assessments of which are grouped in 5 generalized factors: “Extraversion - Introversion”, “Attachment – Separation”, “Control – Naturalness”, “Emotionality – Emotional continence”, “Playfulness – Practicality”.
Index of Subjective Unity is a questionnaire, consisting of 10 statements, opposite in meaning, fixing subjective phenomenology of subject-subjective interactions during group task solution. Questionnaire allows to calculate individual “Index of Subjective Unity” and five factors, included in it, which characterize successful joint work in group: “Burst of energy", "Satisfaction from activity", "Sympathy for the partners”, “The abandonment of one’s own ambitions", "Confidence in activity’s success".
480 people of different sex, age, education and experience took part in joint activity.
To verify the first hypothesis correlations with the help of Spearmen-criteria were analyzed.
Findings
Significant correlations with personal features were found for two factors “Index of subjective unity”, precisely: “Abandonment of one’s own ambitions”, “Confidence in activity’s success”.
“Abandonment of one’s own ambitions” positively correlates (p<0,001) with personal factor “Attachment – Separation”. It means that ability to view group interests higher than one’s own, work for the common result are developed within people with expressed factor “attachment”. Such people understand others, have a need to be with others, feel personal responsibility for well-being of others, are tolerant towards their disadvantages, support collective events and feel responsibility for the common deal.
Interacting with others, they try to avoid disagreements, don’t like competitions, prefer to collaborate with people instead of competing.
Moreover, factor “Abandonment of one’s own ambitions” correlates negatively (p<0,005) with personality factor “Emotionality – Emotional Restraint”. Thus, people, confident in their abilities, emotionally mature, calm, not vulnerable for occasional mood fluctuations, not hiding their own disadvantages, saving composure and calmness in the most adverse situations, are ready to abandon from their own ambitions and contribute to the common business, as far as their inner emotional stability doesn’t require external reinforcement.
Subjective unity factor “Confidence in activity’s success” correlates positively (p<0,001) with personal factor “Controlling – Naturalness”. People of such type are characterized with responsibility, commitment, exactness and accuracy in business. Such people like order and comfort, they are persistent in their activity and usually achieve high results in it. High fairness and conscientiousness are usually accompanied by good self-control, by tendency to affirm universal human values, sometimes damaging personal ones. Such people believe in themselves, are responsible for their doings, can get along with others, that leads to confidence in success of joint activities.
Moreover, “Confidence in activity’s success” negatively correlates (p<0,001) with personal factor “Emotionality – Emotional Restraint”. As already mentioned, such people believe in themselves, are emotionally mature, keep composure and calm in difficult situations, don’t panic, don’t fuss, believe in themselves and in common success. The results, described above, confirm the hypothesis that personal individual features influence the ability to integrate in subject-joint interactions.
Obtained data show that ability to integrate in subject-joint interactions depends on personal features of individual. People, who believe in themselves, are emotionally mature, understand other people, support collective events, feel responsibility for the common business, are more capable for successful collaborative interaction.
Conclusion
In our research, basing on the subject-environmental types of interaction, we found out that personal qualities of individuals influence capability for integrating in subject-environmental interactions in professional environment, in the sense that people, who believe in themselves, who are emotionally mature, who understand other people, support collective events, feel responsibility for common business, are more capable to successful joint interaction during managing with professional tasks.
Moreover, evidence was found, that capability to integrating in successful subject-joint interactions depends on such individual (personal) abilities as: believe in oneself, emotional mature and responsibility for the common business.
Thus, we argue, that one of the most actual questions in context of further scientific search perspectives is researching the problem of efficiency of personality’s psychological interaction in professional field.
References
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About this article
Publication Date
23 November 2018
Article Doi
eBook ISBN
978-1-80296-048-8
Publisher
Future Academy
Volume
49
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Edition Number
1st Edition
Pages
1-840
Subjects
Educational psychology, child psychology, developmental psychology, cognitive psychology
Cite this article as:
Aleksandrova, E. (2018). Subject–Environmental Interactions In Professional Environment. In S. Malykh, & E. Nikulchev (Eds.), Psychology and Education - ICPE 2018, vol 49. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences (pp. 20-25). Future Academy. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2018.11.02.3