Preparation and comparative evaluation of PVC/PbO and PVC/PbO/graphite based conductive nanocomposites

Junaid Raza; Abdul Hamid; Muhammad Khan; Fakhar Hussain; Amir Zada; Li Tiehu; Amjad Ali; Perveen Fazil; Zainul Wahab

doi:10.1515/zpch-2022-0051

Published by De Gruyter (O) August 17, 2022

Preparation and comparative evaluation of PVC/PbO and PVC/PbO/graphite based conductive nanocomposites

Junaid Raza , Abdul Hamid , Muhammad Khan , Fakhar Hussain , Amir Zada , Li Tiehu , Amjad Ali , Perveen Fazil and Zainul Wahab

From the journal Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie

https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2022-0051

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Abstract

Two series, A and B, of PVC based nanocomposite polymer membranes (nCPMs) were prepared using PbO only and PbO/graphite mixture as a filler by solution casting method. Seven samples with varying compositions (5–35%) of filler particles were prepared for each series and were compared by thickness measurements, porosity, water uptake, swelling degree, ionic conductivity, ion exchange capacity (IEC), membrane potential and transport number. The maximum values for these characteristics were observed as 0.402 mm, 0.77, 141.3%, 0.11, 0.0033 Scm⁻¹, 8.6 milli-eq.g⁻¹, 0.19 V and 0.01391 for series-A composites whereas that of 0.367 mm, 0.83, 63.4%, 0.019, 0.00981 Scm⁻¹, 5.21 milli-eq.g⁻¹, 0.13 V and 0.0108 for series-B nCPMs respectively. The SEM images of membranes showed greater voids produced in the series-B compared to series-A composites. The maximum Ionic conductivity, IEC, membrane potential and transport number were observed for membrane with 25% PbO/graphite, 20% PbO and 35% PbO particles respectively.

Keywords: conductivity; fuel cells; graphite nanocomposites; nanocomposites; PbO; PVC

Corresponding authors: Muhammad Khan, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, 710072, P.R. China; and Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan, E-mail: mkhanchemistry@yahoo.com; and Amir Zada, Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan, E-mail: amistry009@yahoo.com

Acknowledgments

We are also very thankful to the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, P.R. of China and Higher Education Commission (HEC) Pakistan for their financial support.

Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: This research has been Financially Supported for the Postdoctoral study by the Shaanxi Province and Natural Science Foundation of China under the (Grant No: 2016JQ5108).
Conflict of interest statement: On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author declared that this work is the original work of authors, and all standards were followed accordingly and there is no conflict of interest.

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Received: 2022-04-08

Accepted: 2022-07-21

Published Online: 2022-08-17

Published in Print: 2022-12-16

Preparation and comparative evaluation of PVC/PbO and PVC/PbO/graphite based conductive nanocomposites

Abstract

Acknowledgments

References

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