Abstract
Objective
This quantitative correlational design study aimed to examine the variation in adolescent health and lifestyle characteristics across self-reported physical activity (PA) and physical fitness (PF) levels.
Methods
Data were collected from 422 students (50.2% males) (16.33 SD = 1.66 y/o) attending a high school. An online questionnaire was used to gather data on the following characteristics: self-reported well-being, overall life satisfaction, depression (including self-harm and suicidal ideation), perceived health status, eating disorders, sleepiness, substance use (alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use), body mass index, PA participation and PF levels.
Results
Of the participants, 42.4% reported at least 5 days of PA a week for 60 min per day. These high active individuals had significantly better well-being, health status, life satisfaction, PF and consumed fewer alcohol beverages. High PA and better PF inversely correlated with depression.
Conclusions
It seems that high PA and better PF have a positive impact on adolescent perceived health, health-risk behaviors and mental health. Increased levels of PA can play a vital role in the primary care, prevention of health risks and in adolescent health promotion. Accordingly, educational institutions are an excellent setting to promote and provide sport facilities and encourage students to be more physically active.
Acknowledgments
The described article/presentation/study was carried out as part of the EFOP-3.6.1-16-00011 “Younger and Renewing University – Innovative Knowledge City – institutional development of the University of Miskolc aiming at intelligent specialization” project implemented in the framework of the Szechenyi 2020 program. The realization of this project is supported by the European Union, co-financed by the European Social Fund.
References
[1] DeHart G, Sroufe A, Cooper R. Child development: Its nature and course. 5th ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2004.Search in Google Scholar
[2] Mulye TP, Park MJ, Nelson CD, Adams SH, Irwin CE Jr, Brindis CD. Trends in adolescent and young adult health in the United States. J Adolesc Health. 2009;45:8–24.10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.03.013Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[3] Bouchard C, Blair SN, Haskell W, editors. Physical activity and Health. 2nd ed. Campaign, Human Kinetics; 2012.10.5040/9781492595717.ch-001Search in Google Scholar
[4] O’Donovan G, Blazevich AJ, Boreham C, Cooper AR, Crank H, Ekelund U, et al. The ABC of physical activity for health: a consensus statement from the British association of sport and exercise sciences. J Sports Sci. 2010;28:573–91.10.1080/02640411003671212Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[5] Deslandes A, Moraes H, Ferreira C, Veiga H, Silveira H, Mouta R, et al. Exercise and mental health: many reasons to move. Neuropsychobiology. 2009;59:191–8.10.1159/000223730Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[6] Janssen I, Leblanc AG. Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2010;7:40.10.1186/1479-5868-7-40Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[7] Topp CW, Østergaard SD, Søndergaard S, Bech P. The WHO-5 Well-Being Index: a systematic review of the literature. Psychother Psychosom. 2015;84:67–76.10.1159/000376585Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[8] Susánszky É, Konkoly Thege B, Stauder A, Kopp M. Validation of the short (5-item) version of the WHO Well-Being Scale based on a Hungarian representative health survey (Hungarostudy 2002). Mentálhigiéné és Pszichoszomatika. 2006;7:247–55.10.1556/Mental.7.2006.3.8Search in Google Scholar
[9] Cantril H. The Pattern of Human Concern. New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA: Rutgers University Press, 1965.Search in Google Scholar
[10] Levin KA, Currie C. Reliability and validity of an adapted version of the Cantril Ladder for use with adolescent samples. Soc Indic Res. 2014;119:1047–63.10.1007/s11205-013-0507-4Search in Google Scholar
[11] Leblanc JC, Almudevar A, Brooks SJ, Kutcher S. Screening for adolescent depression: comparison of the Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale with the Beck Depression Inventory. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2002;12:113–26.10.1089/104454602760219153Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[12] Morgan JF, Reid F, Lacey JH. The SCOFF questionnaire: assessment of a new screening tool for eating disorders. Br Med J. 1999;319:1467–8.10.1136/bmj.319.7223.1467Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[13] Spilsbury JC, Drotar D, Rosen CL, Redline S. The Cleveland Adolescent Sleepiness Questionnaire: a new measure to assess excessive daytime sleepiness in adolescents. J Clin Sleep Med. 2007;3:603–12.10.5664/jcsm.26971Search in Google Scholar
[14] Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, España-Romero V, Vicente-Rodriguez G, Martínez-Gómez D, Manios Y, et al. (HELENA study group). The International Fitness Scale (IFIS): usefulness of self-reported fitness in youth. Int J Epidemiol. 2011;40:701–11.10.1093/ije/dyr039Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[15] de Onis M, Onyango AW, Borghi E, Siyam A, Nishida C, Siekmann J. Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bull World Health Organ. 2007;85:660–7.10.2471/BLT.07.043497Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[16] Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral science. 2nd ed. Hillsdale NJ: Erlbaum; 1988.Search in Google Scholar
[17] Williams PG, Holmbeck GN, Greenley RN. Adolescent health psychology. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2002;70:828–42.10.1037/0022-006X.70.3.828Search in Google Scholar
[18] Lotrean LM, Laza V, Ionut C, de Vries H. Assessment of health risk behaviours and their interrelationships among young people from two counties of Romania. Z Gesundh Wis. 2010;18:403–11.10.1007/s10389-010-0317-ySearch in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[19] Riewald S. Regular exercise: good for the body, good for the mind? Strength Cond J. 2007;29:41–2.10.1519/00126548-200706000-00005Search in Google Scholar
[20] Delisle TT, Werch CE, Wong AH, Bian H, Weiler R. Relationship between frequency and intensity of physical activity and health behaviors of adolescents. J Sch Health. 2010;80:134–40.10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00477.xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[21] McPhie ML, Rawana JS. The effect of physical activity on depression in adolescence and emerging adulthood: a growth-curve analysis. J Adolesc. 2015;40:83–92.10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.01.008Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[22] Smith MA, Lynch WJ. Exercise as a potential treatment for drug abuse: evidence from preclinical studies. Front Psychiatry. 2012;2:82.10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00082Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[23] Wang D, Wang Y, Wang Y, Li R, Zhou C. Impact of physical exercise on substance use disorders: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2014;16:9:e110728.10.1371/journal.pone.0110728Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[24] Dumith SC, Gigante DP, Domingues MR, Kohl HW. Physical activity change during adolescence: a systematic review and a pooled analysis. Int J Epidemiol. 2011;40:685–698.10.1093/ije/dyq272Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[25] Trost SG, Pate RR, Sallis JF, Freedson PS, Taylor WC, Dowda M, et al. Age and gender differences in objectively measured physical activity in youth. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34:350–5.10.1097/00005768-200202000-00025Search in Google Scholar PubMed
©2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
