Abstract
Background
Providing care for chronic disease such as HIV is a growing challenge in the world. In order to address the challenges of linkage and care in chronic disease management, we need to identify factors that can influence people to get more involved in self-care. This study was part of an extensive qualitative study conducted in Tehran, Iran in 2016.
Methods
The data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted on 25 women with HIV, and were analyzed using grounded theory. Four main themes were identified as facilitating self-care among participants: health system support, clinicians’ support, family support and improved life expectancy. Sub-themes that emerged were free HIV tests; free medication; free membership in positive clubs; free psychological consultation; positive attitudes and friendly behavior from clinic staff; telephone follow up; support from husbands, mothers and peers; hope for recovery; hope for the future; and love for own children.
Results
Our results showed that, providing appropriate support and services, as well as a positive attitude of society towards HIV positive women, can contribute to adherence to self-care in young women with HIV.
Conclusion
Understanding the facilitating factors based on the patients’ experiences can contribute to the development of new policies and procedures to improve the care of these patients.
Acknowledgments
We thank all the women who shared their experiences with us. We also thank the Vice-Chancellor’s Offices for Health in Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, and Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences for their collaboration in this study. Our study was part of a PhD dissertation in Nursing Care Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences and was funded by Iran University of Medical Sciences and the Center for Communicable Diseases in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education.
Ethics: The Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences approved this study. The women provided their consent by reading and signing the consent form before participating in the study and all participants were assured of anonymity and confidentiality.
Statement of authorship
Conception and design: Fatemeh Oskouie, Farzaneh Kashefi, Forough Rafii and Mohammad Mehdi Gouya. Acquisition of data: Farzaneh Kashefi. Analysis and interpretation of data: Fatemeh Oskouie, Farzaneh Kashefi. Drafting the article: Farzaneh Kashefi. Revising it for intellectual content: Fatemeh Oskouie, Farzaneh Kashefi, Forough Rafii and Mohammad Mehdi Gouya. Final approval of the completed article: Fatemeh Oskouie, Farzaneh Kashefi, Forough Rafii and Mohammad Mehdi Gouya.
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