Abstract
Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg is an evergreen tree and produces agarwood used for incense and as a uniquely precious medicine. It is in danger of disappearing due to illegal logging and its identification and protection is crucial. However, it is difficult or impossible to distinguish A. sinensis from other species of the genus Aquilaria Lam. and its closely related genus Gyrinops Gaertn. based on wood anatomical characteristics. Probably, DNA barcoding technology might provide an improvement in species identification. In this study, wood samples were tested, which were submitted to high-temperature drying and were stored for a long period in a xylarium. The factors should be identified that hinder the efficiency of wood DNA extraction from this species. The results indicate that the DNA from the wood tissues could be successfully amplified, apart from some DNA regions from the heartwood of the dried samples and the xylarium samples. The DNA sequences from the wood tissues mostly matched with the sequences of A. sinensis deposited in the GenBank. Moreover, analyses of phylogenetic trees based on trnL-trnF and ITS1 regions indicated that the wood tissues in the tests clustered together with the A. sinensis species from the GenBank, with bootstrap values of 74% and 94%, respectively. Consequently, it is feasible to identify A. sinensis wood on a species level based on the DNA barcoding technology.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported financially by a project of the Chinese State Forestry Administration (No. 201304508). We would like to express our gratitude for the help on collecting samples provided by Dr. Liangchen Yuan at the Chinese CITES Management Authority, the State Forestry Administration, and for the assistance with sample preparation done by Mrs. Mingkun Xu and Dr. Xingxia Ma at the Research Institute of Wood Industry, the Chinese Academy of Forestry. We also acknowledge the assistance of language editing by Kevin Austin of BizTech English AB (http://www.biztech.se).
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