Nesrin K. Abd El-Fatah1, Omneya M. Omar2*, Reham A. Abo Elwafa2, Noha S. Mohamed3
1Department of Nutrition, High Institute of Public Health, 2Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, 3Department of Statistics, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
*Corresponding Author Email Address: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Background: Adult researches reported associations of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) with obesity and metabolic markers affecting cardiovascular risk; but there was limited childhood data especially in Egypt. Objectives: To assess vitamin D (25OHD) deficiency among obese Egyptian adolescents and children, and to investigate the association between 25OHD and some metabolic parameters. Participants & Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 60 Egyptian obese children. Obesity was defined and sub-classified according to age and gender corresponding standards. Participants were interviewed to collect personal data, weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and blood pressures. Serum 25OHD, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, lipids and high sensitive CRP (hsCRP) were measured, Insulin resistance (IR) was calculated. Results: Majority of children have VDD or insufficiency (45% and 40% respectively). Co-occurrence of severe obesity, high HOMA-IR, high total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TGs), high FBG or high hsCRP with 25OHD deficiency was significantly encountered among 48.3%, 36%, 66.7%, 81.2%, 72.7%, and 51.4% of obese children, respectively. Serum 25OHD had a significant inverse correlation with BMI, WC and IR (r = -0.471, P= 0.000), (r = -0.547, P= 0.000) and (r = -0.408, P= 0.001), respectively. After adjustment of confounders, the most powerful predictor for explaining 25OHD variation was obesity sub-classes, β coefficient -2.780.
Conclusions: Within a pediatric obese population VDD is observed and an association between low 25OHD and unfavorable metabolic parameters were evident.
Keywords: Cardiovascular Risk, Dyslipidaemia, Obesity, Vitamin D Deficiency
Citation: Abd El-Fatah NK, Omar OM, Abo-Elwafa RA, Mohamed NS. Vitamin D Deficiency and Insufficiency in Obese Egyptian Adolescents and Children: Its Relationship with Metabolic and Inflammatory Parameters. Canad J Clin Nutr 2019; 7 (1): 7-25.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14206/canad.j.clin.nutr.2019.01.02