Una herramienta para evaluar el clima social del aula en entornos universitarios
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14204/ejrep.36.14075Palabras clave:
Clima social académico, calidad educacional, validación psicométrica, evaluación del contexto universitario.Resumen
Introducción. El clima académico es un aspecto clave de la calidad docente de las instituciones académicas, sin embargo, son pocos los estudios realizados en el ámbito universitario en que se ha analizado este constructo de forma sistemática.
Método. Ante la ausencia de instrumentos específicos para ser aplicados en la universidad, hemos planteado la construcción de un instrumento para evaluar la percepción que tienen los estudiantes universitarios del clima de su clase partiendo de la adaptación de un cuestionario sobre clima social en el aula pensado para centros de enseñanza secundaria.
Resultados. Los análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio realizados con una muestra de 330 estudiantes universitarios de diferentes estudios y años han dado como resultado un cuestionario de 22 ítems con un factor de primer orden sobre clima académico disociable en tres factores de segundo orden (actuación del profesor y relación con los alumnos, atmósfera afectiva –sentimiento de pertenencia- y comportamiento normativo, y relación entre los estudiantes).
Discusión y conclusión. La Escala de Clima Social en el Aula para Universidades (ECSA-U) presenta adecuadas propiedades psicométricas y es un buen punto de partida con el que evaluar el clima en el contexto universitario.
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