Abstract
TNF-α plays a critical role in the cascade of neuroendocrine events during inflammation and septic shock. It also affects the release of pituitary hormones and acts as a growth factor in immune and nonimmune cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate the release of TNF-α from rat anterior pituitary cells and the effect of the steroid medium on its release. Cultured anterior pituitary cells from lactating rats spontaneously released TNF-α. The presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.1 µg/mL) in the culture medium significantly increased TNF-α release and inhibited prolactin release. Chronic estrogenization of ovariectomized rats or the presence of 17 β-estradiol in the culture medium also increased TNF-α release. LPS significantly stimulated TNF-α release in all groups and abrogated the estrogen-induced prolactin release. We also investigated the effect of TNF-α on prolactin release. The presence of TNF-α (50 ng/mL) in the culture medium inhibited prolactin release from anterior pituitary cells. These data show that anterior pituitary cells in culture release TNF-α and that this release is stimulated by estrogens. Our results also indicate that LPS inhibits prolactin release in an estrogenic environment, suggesting that TNF-α could affect pituitary hormone release during endotoxemia.
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Theas, M.S., De Laurentiis, A., Lasaga, M. et al. Effect of lipopolysaccharide on tumor necrosis factor and prolactin release from rat anterior pituitary cells. Endocr 8, 241–245 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1385/ENDO:8:3:241
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/ENDO:8:3:241