Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Selenium supplementation on plasma glutathione peroxidase activity in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure

  • Published:
Biological Trace Element Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) usually have a lower than healthy level of selenium (Se) in whole blood and plasma. Plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) is synthesized mostly in the kidney. In CRF patients, activity of this enzyme is significantly reduced and its reduction increases with the progress of the disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Se supplementation to CRF patients at various stages of the disease on Se concentration in blood components and on plasma GSH-Px activity.

The study group comprised 53 CRF patients at various stages of the disease supplemented with Se (200 µg/d for 3 mo as Se-enriched yeast, containing about 70% l-selenomethionine [SeMet]). The control group consisted of 20 healthy subjects. The Se concentration in blood components was measured spectrofluorometrically with 2,3-diaminonaphthalene as a complexing reagent. GSH-Px activity in red cell hemolysates and plasma was assayed by the coupled method with tert-butyl hydroperoxide as a substrate.

The Se concentration in whole blood and plasma of CRF patients is significantly lower as compared with healthy subjects, but similar at all stages of the disease. In the patients’ plasma, total protein and albumin levels are also significantly lower than in healthy subjects. Plasma GSH-Px activity in patients is extremely low, and contrary to Se concentration, it decreases linearly with the increasing stage of the illness. Se-supplied patients show an increased Se concentration in all blood components and at all disease stages, whereas plasma GSH-Px activity is enhanced only at the incipient stage of the disease. Se supply has no effect on plasma GSH-Px activity in uremic patients at the end stage of the disease. Total plasma protein and albumin levels did not change after Se supplementation. Our data seem to show that in patients with CRF lower total protein and albumin levels in plasma may be the chief cause of the low blood and plasma Se concentrations. GSH-Px activity decreases along with the kidney impairment. At the end stage of the disease, Se supplementation in the form of Se-enriched yeast has no effect on the increase in plasma GSH-Px activity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M. P. Rayman, Dietary selenium: time to act, Br. Med. J. 314, 387–388 (1997).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. M. P. Rayman, The argument for increasing selenium intake, Proc. Nutr. Soc. 61, 203–215 (2002).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. R. F. Burk and K. E. Hill, Orphan selenoproteins, BioEssays 21, 231–237 (1999).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. J. R. Arthur and G. J. Beckett, Newer aspects of micronutrients in at risk groups. New metabolic roles for selenium, Proc. Nutr. Soc. 53, 615–624 (1994).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. B. Dworkin, S. Weseley, W. S. Rosenthal, et al., Diminished blood selenium levels in renal failure patients on dialysis: correlations with nutritional status, Am. J. Med. Sci. 30, 6–12 (1987).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. M. J. Richard, J. Arnaud, C. Jurkovitz, et al., Trace elements and lipid peroxidation abnormalities in patients with chronic renal failure, Nephron 57, 10–15 (1991).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. J. W. Foote, L. J. Hinks, and B. Lloyd, Reduced plasma and white blood cell selenium levels in haemodialysis patients, Clin. Chim. Acta 164, 323–328 (1987).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. B. A. Zachara, U. Trafikowska, A. Adamowicz, et al., Selenium, glutathione peroxidases, and some other parameters in blood of patients with chronic renal failure, J. Trace Elements Med. Biol. 15, 161–166 (2001).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. S. Yoshimura, H. Suemizu, Y. Nomoto, et al., Plasma glutathione peroxidase deficiency caused by renal dysfunction, Nephron 73, 207–211 (1996).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. H. E. Roxborough, C. Mercer, D. McMaster, et al., Plasma glutathione peroxidase activity is reduced in haemodialysis patients, Nephron 81, 278–283 (1999).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. T. Zima, S. Stipek, J. Crkovska, et al., Antioxidant enzymes—superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase—in haemodialyzed patients, Blood Purif. 14, 257–264 (1996).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. M. C. Martin-Mateo, E. del Canto-Jafiez, and M. J. Barrero-Martinez, Oxidative stress and enzyme activity in ambulatory renal patients undergoing continuous peritoneal dialysis, Renal Failure 20, 117–124 (1998).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. F. Bulucu, A. Vural, A. Aydin, et al., Oxidative stress status in adults with nephrotic syndrome, Clin. Nephrol. 53, 169–173 (2000).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. I. Ceballos-Picot, V. Witko-Sarsat, M. Merad-Boudia, et al., Glutathione antioxidant system as a marker of oxidative stress in chronic renal failure, Free Radical Biol. Med. 21, 845–853 (1996).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. N. Avissar, D. B. Ornt, Y. Yagil, et al., Human kidney proximal tubules are the main source of plasma glutathione peroxidase, Am. J. Physiol. 266 (Cell Physiol. 35), C367-C375 (1994).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. B. A. Zachara, A. Trafikowska, J. Manitius, et al., Third International Meeting “Advances in Trace Elements, Minerals and Vitamins in Humans: Functional and Clinical Aspects,” Monastir, Tunisia 2002, Abstracts p. 49.

  17. B. A. Zachara, A. Adamowicz, U. Trafikowska, et al., Decreased plasma glutathione peroxidase activity in uremic patients, Nephron 84, 278–279 (2000).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. G. N. Schrauzer, Nutritional selenium supplementation: product types, quality, and safety, J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 20, 1–4 (2001).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. M. A. Beilstein and P. D. Whanger, Metabolism of selenomethionine and effects of interacting compounds by mammalian cells in culture, J. Inorg. Biochem. 29, 137–152 (1987).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. N. Esaki, T. Nakamura, H. Tanaka, et al., Selenocysteine lyase, a novel enzyme that specifically acts on selenocysteine, J. Biol. Chem. 257, 4386–4391 (1982).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. C. Ip, Differential effects of dietary methionine on the biopotency of selenomethionine and selenite in cancer chemoprevention, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 80, 258–262 (1988).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. B. A. Zachara, D. Koterska, A. Trafikowska, et al., The effect of selenium supplementation on plasma glutathione peroxidase activity in patients with different stages of chronic renal failure, in Macro and Trace Elements; 21 Workshop, M. Anke, R. Muller, U. Schafer, and M Stoeppler, eds., 2002, pp. 945–951.

  23. B. A. Zachara, M. Sklodowska, W. Wasowicz, et al., Selenium status, glutathione peroxidase activity and lipid peroxides concentration in blood of Polish population. III. Effect of age and sex in healthy adults, in Elements in Health and Disease, M. Said, M. A. Rahman, and L. A. D’Silva, eds., Hamdard University Press, Karachi, Pakistan, pp. 501–512 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  24. J. H. Watkinson, Fluorometric determination of selenium in biological material with 2,3-diaminonaphthalene, Anal. Chem. 38, 92–97 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. D. E. Paglia and W. H. Valentine, Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 70, 158–169 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. J. Ringstad, B. Jacobsen, S. Tretli, et al., Serum selenium concentration associated with risk of cancer, J. Clin. Pathol. 41, 454–457 (1988).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. B. Tiran, Selen ein essentielles Spurenelement, Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. 109, 3–6 (1997).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. W. Wasowicz, J. Gromadzinska, K. Rydzynski, et al., Selenium status of low-selenium area residents: Polish experience, Toxicol. Lett. 137, 95–101 (2003).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. B. A. Zachara and W. Wasowicz, Selenium concentration in blood components of Polish sub-population and in some other countries, in Arsenium and Selenium in the Environment—Ecological and Methodological Problems, A. Kabata-Pendias, and B. Szteke, eds., Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, pp. 157–166 (1994) (in Polish).

    Google Scholar 

  30. G.-Q. Yang, L.-Z. Zhu, S.-J. Liu, et al., Human selenium requirement in China, in Selenium in Biology and Medicine, Part B, G. F. Combs, Jr., J. E. Spallholz, O. A. Levander, and J. E. Oldfield, eds., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 589–607 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  31. A. Madaric, J. Kadrabova, and E. Ginter, Selenium concentration in plasma and erythrocytes in healthy Slovak population, J. Trace Elements Electrolytes Health Dis. 8, 43–47 (1994).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Z. Maksimovic, V. Jovic, I. Djujic, et al., Selenium deficiency in Yugoslavia and possible effects on health, Environ. Geochem. Health 14, 107–111 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. B. Tiran, A. Tiran, W. Petek, et al., Selenium status of healthy children and adults in Styria (Austria). Trace Elements Med. 9, 75–79 (1992).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. J. Kalouskova, J. Dedina, L. Pavlik, et al., Selenium concentration in blood of the Czech Population, Cas. Lek. Ces. 127, 277–281 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  35. G. Alfthan, G. Bogye, A. Aro, et al., The human selenium status in Hungary, J. Trace Elements Electrolytes Health Dis. 6, 233–238 (1992).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. M. Bonomini, S. Forster, F. de Risio, et al., Effects on selenium supplementation on immune parameters in chronic uraemic patients on hemodialysis, Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 10, 1654–1661 (1995).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. K. Milly, L. Witt, C. Diskin, et al., Selenium in renal failure patients. Nephron 61, 139–144 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. J. M. Marchante-Gayon, J. E. Sanchez-Uria, and A. Sanz-Medel, Serum and tissue selenium contents related to renal disease and colon cancer as determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, J. Trace Elements Med. Biol. 10, 229–236 (1996).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. J. T. Deagan, J. A. Butler, B. A. Zachara, et al., Determination of the distribution of selenium between glutathione peroxidase, selenoprotein P, and albumin in plasma, Anal. Biochem. 208, 176–181 (1993).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. K. A. Temple, A. M. Smith, and D. B. Cockram, Selenate-supplemented nutritional formula increases plasma selenium in hemodialysis patients, J. Renal Nutr. 10, 16–23 (2000).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. H. Koyama, K. Omura, A. Ejima, et al., Separation of selenium-containing proteins in human and mouse plasma using tandem high-performance liquid chromatography columns coupled with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, Anal. Biochem. 267, 84–91 (2000).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. M. Persson Moschos, Selenoprotein P. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 57, 1836–1845 (2000).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. R. Read, T. Bellow, J.-G. Yang, et al., Selenium and amino acid composition of selenoprotein P, the major selenoprotein in rat serum, J. Biol. Chem. 265, 17,899–17,905 (1990).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. M. J. Richard, J. Arnaud, K. Sirajeddine, et al., Zinc, selenium and lipid peroxides levels in hemodialyzed patients, in Trace Elements in Man and Animals 7 (TEMA-7), B. Momcilovic (ed.), University of Zagreb, Zagreb, pp. 12.7–12.9 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  45. G. Bellisola, G. C. Guidi, G. Cinque, et al., Selenium status and plasma glutathione peroxidase in patients with IgA nephropathy, J. Trace Elements Med. Biol. 10, 189–196 (1996).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. J. C. Whitin, D. M. Tham, S. Bhamre, et al., Plasma glutathione peroxidase and its relationship to renal proximal tubule function, Mol. Genet. Metab. 65, 238–245 (1998).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. K. M. Brown and J. H. Arthur, Selenium, selenoproteins and human health: a review, Public Health Nutr. 4, 593–599 (2001).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. J. R. Arthur, The glutathione peroxidases, Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 57, 1825–1835 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. M. D. Saint-Georges, D. J. Bonnefont, B. A. Bourlery, et al., Correction of selenium deficiency in hemodialyzed patients, Kidney Int. 36 (Suppl. 27), S-274–S-277 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  50. G. Bellisola, G. Perona, S. Galassini, et al., Plasma selenium and glutathione peroxidase activities in individuals living in the Veneto region of Italy, J. Trace Elements Electrolytes Health Dis. 7, 242–244 (1993).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. J. S. Koenig, M. Fischer, E. Bulant, et al., Antioxidant status in patients on chronic hemodialysis therapy: impact of parenteral selenium supplementation, Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. 109, 13–19 (1997).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland

    Bronisław A. Zachara & Wojciech Wasowicz

  2. Departments of Internal Medicine and Alergology, Medical University, Bydgoszcz, Poland

    Dominika Koterska, Andrzej Dziedziczko & Anna Salak

  3. Department of Nephrology and Internal Medicine, Medical University, Bydgoszcz, Poland

    Jacek Manitius

  4. Department of Nephrology, Municipal Hospital, Inowroclaw, Poland

    Leszek Sadowski

Authors
  1. Bronisław A. Zachara
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dominika Koterska
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jacek Manitius
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Leszek Sadowski
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Andrzej Dziedziczko
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Anna Salak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Wojciech Wasowicz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zachara, B.A., Koterska, D., Manitius, J. et al. Selenium supplementation on plasma glutathione peroxidase activity in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure. Biol Trace Elem Res 97, 15–30 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1385/BTER:97:1:15

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/BTER:97:1:15

Index Entries

Search

Navigation