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In Vitro Physical Stimulation of Tissue-Engineered and Native Cartilage

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Cartilage and Osteoarthritis

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Medicine™ ((MIMM,volume 100))

Abstract

Because of the limited availability of donor cartilage for resurfacing defects in articular surfaces, there is tremendous interest in the in vitro bioengineering of cartilage replacements for clinical applications. However, attaining mechanical properties in engineered cartilaginous constructs that approach those of native cartilage has not been previously achieved when constructs are cultured under free-swelling conditions. One approach toward stimulating the development of constructs that are mechanically more robust is to expose them to physical environments that are similar, in certain ways, to those encountered by native cartilage. This is a strategy motivated by observations in numerous short-term experiments that certain mechanical signals are potent stimulators of cartilage metabolism. On the other hand, excess mechanical loading can have a deleterious effect on cartilage. Culture conditions that include a physical stimulation component are made possible by the use of specialized bioreactors. This chapter addresses some of the issues involved in using bioreactors as integral components of cartilage tissue engineering and in studying the physical regulation of cartilage. We first consider the generation of cartilaginous constructs in vitro. Next we describe the rationale and design of bioreactors that can impart either mechanical deformation or fluid-induced mechanical signals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioengineering and Whitaker Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA

    Kelvin W. Li, Travis J. Klein, Kanika Chawla, Gayle E. Nugent, Won C. Bae & Robert L. Sah

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  1. Kelvin W. Li
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  2. Travis J. Klein
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  3. Kanika Chawla
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  4. Gayle E. Nugent
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  5. Won C. Bae
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  6. Robert L. Sah
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division de Rhumatologie, Institut de Recherches Servier, Suresnes, France

    Massimo Sabatini , Philippe Pastoureau  & Frédéric De Ceuninck ,  & 

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Li, K.W., Klein, T.J., Chawla, K., Nugent, G.E., Bae, W.C., Sah, R.L. (2004). In Vitro Physical Stimulation of Tissue-Engineered and Native Cartilage. In: Sabatini, M., Pastoureau, P., De Ceuninck, F. (eds) Cartilage and Osteoarthritis. Methods in Molecular Medicine™, vol 100. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-810-2:325

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-810-2:325

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-247-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-810-6

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