Fungicide-Driven Evolution and Molecular Basis of Multidrug Resistance in Field Populations of the Grey Mould Fungus Botrytis cinerea
Figure 2
Differential fungicide accumulation by B. cinerea sensitive and MDR strains.
(A) Kinetics of fludioxonil (14C-labeled) accumulation by germinated spores of sensitive strain B05.10 (square) and of MDR1 strains D04.375 (circle) and D04.104 (triangle). Addition of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP, 10 µM) after 90 min led to a net influx of the fungicide into the cells (dashed lines). (B) Accumulation of 14C-fludioxonil and 14C-bitertanol by sensitive and MDR strains. Samples were taken 10 min (shaded bars) and 60 min (white bars) after addition of labeled fungicide. The following strains were analyzed (from left to right): B05.10, D06.6-15 (sensitive); D06.5-16, D04.375 (MDR1); D06.2-6, D06.6-5 (MDR2); D06.7-33, D06.7-39 (MDR3). Significant differences of values (10 min) to those of sensitive strain B05.10 are indicated: n.s.: not significant; * p<0.05; ** p<0.01; *** p<0.001. (C) Control experiments demonstrating large differences in 14C-fungicide uptake between living and heat-killed germlings of sensitive (B05.10) and MDR3 (D06.7-33) strains.