Flavokawain C Inhibits Cell Cycle and Promotes Apoptosis, Associated with Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Regulation of MAPKs and Akt Signaling Pathways in HCT 116 Human Colon Carcinoma Cells
Fig 8
Effect of FKC on the cell cycle and the cell cycle regulatory proteins in HCT 116 cells.
(A) Cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of FKC for 24 and 48 hours, and stained with PI. DNA content of HCT 116 was analyzed using flow cytometry and quantification of cell cycle distribution(sub-G1, G0/G1, S and G2/M phases)was performed using ModFit software. Untreated cells in 0.5% DMSO served as the control. Each histogram is the representative cell cycle profile of three independent experiments. (B) The quantitative data of mean of percentages of cells in each phase for HCT 116 cells for 24 and 48 hours are presented in bar chart. Values given are expressed as mean ± SD of triplicates obtained from three independent experiments. The asterisk (*) indicated p<0.05 when compared to the control. (C) Cells were incubated in the absence or presence of FKC (60μM) for the indicated times, and followed by protein extraction. Changes in levels of the cyclins (cyclin D1 and E), cyclin dependent kinase (Cdk2 and 4), Cdk inhibitors (p21Cip1 and p27Kip1), and RB phosphorylation were analyzed by Western blot. Untreated cells in 0.5% DMSO served as the control. β-actin was used as the loading control. The results from representative experiments were expressed relative to the proteins level at 0 hr after normalization to β-actin signals.