Phantom Acupuncture: Dissociating Somatosensory and Cognitive/Affective Components of Acupuncture Stimulation with a Novel Form of Placebo Acupuncture
Figure 5
Influence of somatosensory needling on autonomic response modulation to real and phantom acupuncture.
Phasic and tonic responses for heart rate (A and D), skin conductance (B and E), and pupil size (C and F) were contrasted between real (REAL) and credible (PHNTc) phantom acupuncture. Comparisons between REAL and PHNTc were based on the data collected only from subjects who regarded phantom acupuncture as real (i.e. PHNTc) and was done using paired t-tests. n.b. *<0.05, **<0.01. Error bars represent standard error of the mean.