Chloride Secretion Induced by Rotavirus Is Oxidative Stress-Dependent and Inhibited by Saccharomyces boulardii in Human Enterocytes
Figure 5
Modifications of Isc by NSP4 in various experimental conditions.
(A) Changes in the Isc induced by pure NSP4 under various experimental conditions. The Isc was measured after the addition of NSP4 (200 ng/ml) in normal Ringer’s solution, chloride-free Ringer’s solution, Ringer’s solution supplemented with CaCCinh-A01 or Ca2+ free Ringer. Isc changes were measured after 50 min of stimulation. The data are representative of 3 separate experiments. *p<0.05 vs. normal Ringer’s solution. (B) The effect of NSP4 on intestinal epithelial integrity. The cytotoxic effect of NSP4 was evaluated by measuring TEER in Caco-2 cells. Cell monolayers were exposed to NSP4 at the serosal (•) or mucosal (○) side, to RV (□) and H2O2 (▪) as positive controls, or to vehicle as a negative control (▴). The data are representative of 3 separate experiments. *p<0.05 vs. time 0.