Retinoic Acid and GM-CSF Coordinately Induce Retinal Dehydrogenase 2 (RALDH2) Expression through Cooperation between the RAR/RXR Complex and Sp1 in Dendritic Cells
Figure 3
Sp1 binds to the Aldh1a2 promoter region.
(A) The locations and nucleotide sequences corresponding to Probe A, Probe B, and Probe C in the 5′-flanking region of the mouse Aldh1a2 gene are shown. COS-7 cells were transfected with the 0.5 µg of pCMV-Myc-Sp1 or control empty vector. One day after transfection, cell lysates were analyzed for DNA-binding activity by DNAP assay using the indicated biotinylated DNA probes and anti-Myc Ab. (B) Flt3L-generated BM-DCs were cultured in the presence or absence of 10 ng/ml GM-CSF. After 16 h, nuclear extracts were analyzed for the presence of lamin B1 and Sp1 by Western blotting using anti-lamin B1 and anti-Sp1 Abs (left panel), or assessed for DNA binding activity by DNAP assay using biotinylated DNA Probe C and anti-Sp1 Ab (right panel). Data are representative of at least three independent experiments.