Cryptopleurine Targets NF-κB Pathway, Leading to Inhibition of Gene Products Associated with Cell Survival, Proliferation, Invasion, and Angiogenesis
Figure 1
Cryptopleurine inhibits NF-κB activation by different stimuli.
(A) Structure of cryptopleurine. (B) MDA-MB231 cells (upper panel) and Hep3B cells (lower panel) were preincubated with indicated concentrations of cryptopleurine for 12 h and then treated with TNF-α (20 ng/ml) for 15 min. Nuclear extracts were then prepared and assayed for NF-κB activation by EMSA. In lane AP-1, a 100-fold excess of unlabeled AP-1 consensus oligonucleotide was added to the reaction mixture. In lane κB, a 100-fold excess of unlabeled κB consensus oligonucleotide was added to the reaction mixture. The arrow indicates the location of the DNA-NF-κB complex. (C) MDA-MB435, and MCF-7 cells were incubated with 30 nM cryptopleurine for 12 h and then incubated with 20 ng/ml TNF-α for 15 min. Nuclear extracts were then prepared and assayed for NF-κB activation by EMSA. (D) Hep3B, and RAW264.7 cells were preincubated with 30 nM cryptopleurine for 12 h and then treated with 25 ng/ml PMA or 1 μg/ml LPS for 90 min. Nuclear extracts were then prepared and assayed for NF-κB activation by EMSA.