Synthetic Heparan Sulfate Oligosaccharides Inhibit Endothelial Cell Functions Essential for Angiogenesis
Figure 5
2SNS species of oligosaccharides reduce FGF2, but not VEGF165, binding to endothelial cell surface.
HUVECs were mixed with biotin-labelled FGF2 or VEGF165 alone or in the presence of 2SNS oligosaccharides at either 25 µg/ml (FGF2 treatment; grey bars) or 50 µg/ml (FGF2 treatment; black bars and VEGF165 treatment; white bars) concentration (equivalent molar doses are shown in Table 1). The binding of growth factors to HUVE cell surface was determined by addition of avidin-FITC and analysed by FACS. FGF2 or VEGF165 binding in the absence of oligosaccharides or blocking antibodies is expressed as 100%. Percentage of growth factor binding when compared to the sample incubated without oligosaccharides or blocking antibodies is shown as the mean ±SD (n = 2). *, P<0.05; †, P≤0.01.