Temperature sensor based on multi-layer MoS<sub>2</sub> coated etched fiber Bragg grating

S. Sridhar; Suneetha Sebastian; S. Asokan

doi:10.1364/AO.58.000535

Applied Optics
Vol. 58,
Issue 3,
pp. 535-539
(2019)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.58.000535

Temperature sensor based on multi-layer MoS₂ coated etched fiber Bragg grating

S. Sridhar, Suneetha Sebastian, and S. Asokan

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S. Sridhar, Suneetha Sebastian, and S. Asokan, "Temperature sensor based on multi-layer MoS₂ coated etched fiber Bragg grating," Appl. Opt. 58, 535-539 (2019)

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Table of Contents Category
- Fiber Optics, Fiber Sensors, and Optical Communications
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: October 5, 2018
- Revised Manuscript: December 6, 2018
- Manuscript Accepted: December 10, 2018
- Published: January 14, 2019

Abstract

The development of an etched fiber Bragg grating (eFBG)-based temperature sensor with a uniform multi-layer molybdenum-di-sulphide ( ${MoS}_{2}$ ) coating is presented in this paper. Multi-layer ${MoS}_{2}$ has been coated on clad etched FBG sensors by DC magnetron sputtering of molybdenum (Mo) and subsequent sulfurization. The dependence of temperature sensitivity on the coating thickness of ${MoS}_{2}$ on eFBGs has been tested from room temperature to 100°C. It has been found that ${MoS}_{2}$ coated clad etched FBG sensors with a coating thickness of around 10 nm exhibit a maximum temperature sensitivity of $\sim 95 pm / ° C$ (almost one order higher than that of bare fiber Bragg gratings), with a resolution of $\sim 0.01 ° C$ obtained using an FBG interrogator with 1 pm resolution.

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Sample Designation	Time of Sputtering of Mo (s)	$λ_{B}$ (nm) before Etching	$λ_{B}$ (nm) after Etching	$λ_{B}$ (nm) after Mo Coating	$λ_{B}$ (nm) after ${MoS}_{2}$ Coating
Mo_5	5	1559.055	1558.255	1558.364	–
Mo_30	30	1558.726	1557.629	1558.061	–
${MoS}_{2}_5$	5	1559.101	1558.223	1558.317	1560.235
${MoS}_{2}_30$	30	1558.639	1557.526	1558.052	1561.649

Sample Designation	Approximate Coating Diameter (nm)	Temperature Sensitivity (pm/°C)
Mo_5	5	20
Mo_30	10	53
${MoS}_{2}_5$	5	61
${MoS}_{2}_30$	10	95
Bare FBG	—	11

Material	Youngs Modulus	Thermal Expansion Coefficient	Thermo-optic Coefficient
${SiO}_{2}$	66.3 GPa	$0.55 \times 10^{- 6} / K$	$8.6 \times 10^{- 6} / K$
Mo	329 GPa	$4.9 \times 10^{- 6} / K$	–
${MoS}_{2}$	238 GPa (bulk), $270 \pm 100 GPa$ (single layer)	$6.73 \times 10^{- 6} / K$	$12.9 \times 10^{- 6} / K$

Material used for Coating	Temperature Sensitivity pm/°C	Reference
Bare FBG	13	[25]
Type I FBG	11.64	[28]
Pre-strained FBGs	12.20	[28]
Ni–Cu coated FBG	18	[29]
Polyimide coated FBG	20	[30]
RGO coated eFBG	33	[5]
Bare FBG embedded in PMMA	40	[31]
PDMS-coated FBG	42	[32]
Polyimide coated eFBG	43.5	[9]
Lead coated FBG	48	[33]
Mo coated eFBG ( $\sim 10 nm$ )	53.13	Present work
${MoS}_{2}$ ( $\sim 5 nm$ ) coated eFBG	61.06	Present work
${MoS}_{2}$ ( $\sim 10 nm$ ) coated eFBG	94.81	Present work

Sample Designation	Time of Sputtering of Mo (s)	$λ_{B}$ (nm) before Etching	$λ_{B}$ (nm) after Etching	$λ_{B}$ (nm) after Mo Coating	$λ_{B}$ (nm) after ${MoS}_{2}$ Coating
Mo_5	5	1559.055	1558.255	1558.364	–
Mo_30	30	1558.726	1557.629	1558.061	–
${MoS}_{2}_5$	5	1559.101	1558.223	1558.317	1560.235
${MoS}_{2}_30$	30	1558.639	1557.526	1558.052	1561.649

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Applied Optics