21 March 2020 : Animal Research
Notoginsenoside R1 Suppresses Inflammatory Signaling and Rescues Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Experimental Rats
Chuming Fan1ABCD, Qingning Chen2CDF, Jingyu Ren1ADF, Xiaohua Yang1BCDE, Jin Ru1CDFG, Hongbo Zhang1ABC, Xinyue Yang1ABCDEFG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.920442
Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920442
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Notoginsenoside R1 (NR) is a major dynamic constituent of Panax notoginseng found to possess anti-inflammatory activity against various inflammatory diseases. However, its protective effects against renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury have not been elucidated. In male Wistar rats, we induced I/R under general anesthesia by occluding the renal artery for 60 min, followed by reperfusion and right nephrectomy.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Rats were randomized to 4 groups: a sham group, an I/R group, an NR-pretreated (50 mg/kg) before I/R induction group, and an NR control group. All animals were killed at 72 h after I/R induction. Blood and renal tissues were collected, and histological and basic renal function parameters were assessed. In addition, levels of various kidney markers and proinflammatory cytokines were measured using RT-PCR, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry analysis.
RESULTS: After I/R induction, the onset of renal dysfunction was shown by the elevated levels of serum urea, creatinine levels, and histological evaluation, showing a 2-fold increase in the renal failure markers kim-1 and NGAL compared to control rats. Rats pretreated with NR before I/R induction had significantly better renal functions, with attenuated levels of oxidative markers, restored levels of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), tumor growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), INF-γ, and IL-6, and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-10) compared to I/R-induced rats.
CONCLUSIONS: NR suppressed I/R-induced inflammatory cytokines production by suppressing oxidative stress and kidney markers, suggesting that NR is a promising drug candidate for prevention, progression, and treatment of renal dysfunction.
Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Ginsenosides, Kidney, Nephrectomy, Random Allocation, Rats, Wistar
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