Abstract: To examine the molecular mechanism of Aurelia coerulea’s asexual reproductive strategy, transcriptome analysis was performed on polyps of A. coerulea under different food supplies (25, 250 and 1000 newly hatched Artemia nauplius individuals per group every two days). We looked into the pathway where the differential gene enriched and screened the genes that were considerably expressed differently. Stolon budding was the most common type of asexual reproduction in A. coerulea polyps observed. The output of daughter polyps and ephyra increased considerably as food supplies increased. There were 331 genes that differed between the F1 and F2 groups, and 168 genes that differed between the F3 and F2 groups, according to transcriptome analysis. Two signal transduction pathways, MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and Cell cycle, were strengthened by the KEGG pathway analysis, which improved cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. The differentially expressed genes involved in the MAPK and Cell cycle signal pathways upregulated or down-regulated in response to increased food availability, speeding up the asexual reproduction. The findings of this study will help researchers better understand how A. coerulea reproduces asexually in response to food availability.