Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Investigation of the Cytotoxic Effects of Titanate Nanotubes on Caco-2 Cells

  • Rapid Communication
  • Published:
AAPS PharmSciTech Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Titanate nanotubes can be used as drug delivery systems, but limited information is available on their interactions with intestinal cells. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of titanate nanotubes on Caco-2 monolayers and found that up to 5 mg/ml concentration, these nanotubes are not cytotoxic and not able to permeate through the intestinal cell layer. Transmission electron microscopic experiments showed that titanate nanotubes are not taken up by cells, only caused a high-density granulation on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum. According to these results, titanate nanotubes are suitable systems for intestinal drug delivery.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

References

  1. Chen P, Lin J, Tan KL. Carbon nanotubes: a future material of life. IUBMB Life. 2000;49(2):105–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Kasuga T, Hiramatsu M, Hoson A, Sekino T, Niihara K. Formation of titanium oxide nanotube. Langmuir. 1998;14:3160–3.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Li Y, Wang T, Wang J, Jiang T, Cheng G, Wang S. Functional and unmodified MWNTs for delivery of the water-insoluble drug carvedilol—a drug-loading mechanism. Appl Surf Sci. 2011;257(13):5663–70.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Im JS, Bai BC, Lee YS. The effect of carbon nanotubes on drug delivery in an electrosensitive transdermal drug delivery system. Biomater. 2010;31(6):1414–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Naficy S, Razal JM, Spinks GM, Wallace GG. Modulated release of dexamethasone from chitosan-carbon nanotube films. Sens Actuators A. 2009;155(1):120–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Sayes CM, Liang F, Hudson JL, Mendez J, Guo W, Beach JM, et al. Functionalization density dependence of single walled carbon nanotubes cytotoxicity in vitro. Toxicol Lett. 2006;161(2):135–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Horváth E, Kukovecz Á, Kónya Z, Kiricsi I. Hydrothermal conversion of self-assembled TiNT into nanowires in a revolving autoclave. Chem Mater. 2007;19:927–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kukovecz Á, Hodos M, Horváth E, Radnóczi G, Kónya Z, Kiricsi I. Oriented crystal growth model explains the formation of titania nanotubes. J Phys Chem B. 2005;109:17781–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Fenyvesi F, Kiss T, Fenyvesi É, Szente L, Veszelka S, Deli MA, et al. Randomly methylated β-cyclodextrin derivatives enhance taxol permeability through human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell monolayer. J Pharm Sci. 2011;100(11):4734–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Mosmann T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods. 1983;65:55–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Koeneman BA, Zhang Y, Westerhoff P, Chen Y, Crittenden JC, David G, et al. Toxicity and cellular responses of intestinal cells exposed to titanium dioxide. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2010;26:225–38.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Wadhawa S, Rea C, O’Hare P, Mathur A, Roy SS, Dunlop PSM, et al. Comparative in vitro cytotoxicity study of carbon nanotubes and titania nanostructures on human lung epithelial cells. J Hazard Mater. 2011;191:56–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Fotakis G, Timbrell JA. In vitro cytotoxicity assays. Comparison of LDH, neutral red, MTT and protein assay in hepatoma cell lines following exposure to cadmium chloride. Tox Lett. 2006;160:171–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Konsoula R, Barile FA. Correlation of in vitro cytotoxicity with paracellular permeability in Caco-2 cells. Toxicol in Vitro. 2005;19:675–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Wang Z, Sun Y, Wang D, Liu H, Boughton IR. In situ fabrication of silver nanoparticle-filled hydrogen titanate nanotube layer on metallic titanium surface for bacteriostatic and biocompatible implantation. Int J Nanomed. 2013;8:2903–16.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Zennaro L, Magro M, Vianello F, Rigo A, Mariotto G, Giarola M, et al. Stable aqueous solutions of naked nanotubes. ChemPhysChem. 2013;14:2786–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the European Union and the State of Hungary, co-financed by the European Social Fund in the framework of TÁMOP-4.2.2.A-11/1/KONV-2012-0047 and TÁMOP 4.2.4. A/2-11-1-2012-0001 “National Excellence Program—Elaborating and operating an inland student and researcher personal support system”.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Debrecen, 4010, Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary

    Ferenc Fenyvesi, Miklós Vecsernyés & Ildikó Bácskay

  2. Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged and MTA-SZTE Reaction Kinetics and Surface Chemistry Research Group, 6720, Szeged, Rerrich ter 1, Hungary

    Zoltán Kónya

  3. Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, 6725, Szeged, Állomás utca 2, Hungary

    Zsolt Rázga

  4. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Eötvös utca 6, Hungary

    Péter Kása Jr. & Klára Pintye-Hódi

Authors
  1. Ferenc Fenyvesi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zoltán Kónya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Zsolt Rázga
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Miklós Vecsernyés
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Péter Kása Jr.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Klára Pintye-Hódi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Ildikó Bácskay
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ildikó Bácskay.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Fenyvesi, F., Kónya, Z., Rázga, Z. et al. Investigation of the Cytotoxic Effects of Titanate Nanotubes on Caco-2 Cells. AAPS PharmSciTech 15, 858–861 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-014-0115-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-014-0115-x

KEY WORDS

Search

Navigation