ABSTRACT
The use of various toxic chemicals and fertilizers as well as discharge of untreated chemicals from industries leads to causes toxicity to the plants and various microbes. Due to this, plants and some microbes developed tolerating mechanism against these heavy metals or chemicals. These plants and microbes accumulating the heavy metals and remediate these toxic components from the soil and water. But, still phytoremediation and microbial remediation is far behind the reality of decreasing the toxicity in soil and water as per requirement. The nanotechnology is now emerging with so many applications by which it enhances the crop yields as well as their health concern. The application of nanotechnology such as use of iron oxide nanoparticles or other metal oxide nanoparticles used in phytoremediation leads to open new field to the world on this concern termed as “Nano-Biorem”. The nanoparticles proven to be helping not only plants as well as they enhance the growth of soil microbes. Thus, these nanoparticles maybe found more potential in remedial study by enhancing the properties of remediation in plants and microbes. The present work enlightening the mechanisms and applications of nanoparticles by which they can be used as remedial enhancer tool for plant based or microbial based remediation.
