ABSTRACT
Petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soil poses potential socio-economic threats. Thus, the cost effective and ecofriendly remediation approach of such toxic pollutants is a worldwide need, this approach is required to develop the environmental sustainability. The fundamental base of biological remediation of organic contaminants is the mineralization or detoxification of such pollutants to H2O and CO2. Consequently, biological remediation is deliberated as a feasible choice for a green and clean sustainable ecosystem due to its cost effectiveness and ecofriendly nature over conventional physico-chemical methods. However, the main drawback of this approach is that it is a slow process to achieve its goal quickly. Biostimulation is an approach for biological degradation that includes the nutrients and/or co-substrate(s) addition to the polluted fields to accelerate the natural micro flora of the contaminated locations to augment and stimulate organic waste breakdown by the efficient microbes. This chapter summarizes the valorization of some costless agro-industrial wastes as co-substrates to accelerate the rate of bioremediation process, i.e. use of microbes in waste management.
